Table 1.

Sample Characteristics by Any Cases and Outbreak

	Any cases			Among at least one case, outbreak
	Yes	No	P value	Yes	No	P value
N	9,352	3,815		2,569	6,783
No. of certified beds, mean	116.0	88.5	<.001	133.2	109.5	<.001
For profit, %	69.6	70.9	<.001	75.3	67.5	<.001
Government, %	5.6	7.7		3.5	6.4
Nonprofit, %	24.8	21.5		21.2	26.1
Chain, %	59.7	59.6	.925	57.5	60.5	.011
Residents, Medicaid, %	59. 5	60.0	.289	61.5	58.7	<.001
Residents, White race, %	79.0	84.3	<.001	74.3	80.7	<.001
County‐level confirmed cases/1,000 residents, mean	6.0	2.9	<.001	8.8	4.9	<.001
Metropolitan county, %	77.0	60.3	<.001	88.5	72.6	<.001
Resident access to testing in facility, %	98.2	95.2	<.001	99.0	97.9	<.001
<1‐wk supply of one or more PPE type, %	22.1	17.8	<.001	21.7	22.2	.591
Shortage of nursing staff, %	15.6	12.9	<.001	18.8	14.4	<.001
Shortage of clinical staff, %	3.0	2.1	.003	3.7	2.7	.013
Shortage of aides, %	17.4	15.9	.042	19.6	16.5	<.001
Shortage of other staff, %	9.7	7.4	<.001	12.2	8.8	<.001
Overall rating, mean	3.2	3.2	.699	3.1	3.2	<.001
Health inspection rating, mean	2.8	2.9	<.001	2.7	2.8	<.001
QM rating, mean	3.7	3.5	.000	3. 8	3.7	.094
Staffing rating, mean	3.1	3.0	.093	2.9	3.1	.000
Adjusted nurse aide hours, mean	2.3	2.3	.921	2.2	2.4	.000
Adjusted LPN hours, mean	.9	.9	.082	.9	.9	.155
Adjusted RN hours, mean	.7	.7	.660	.7	.7	.000
Adjusted total nurse hours, mean	3. 9	3.9	.691	3.8	3.9	.000
Adjusted RN/total nurse hours, mean	17.9	17.8	.433	17.6	18.0	.032

Note: Facility must have reported data and data meets Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) quality check criteria for at least 1 week.

COVID data source: CMS/CDC Nursing Facility data, June 25, 2020.

Defnition of outbreak: >10% confirmed cases/beds or >20% confirmed plus suspected cases/beds or ≥10 deaths.

P value from chi‐square test for binary/categorical measures and t test for continuous measures.