TABLE 1.
Pat. ID | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Patient characteristics, treatments and COVID‐19 related outcomes | |||||||||
Diagnosis | MM | MM | MM | MM | MM | MM | MM | MM | SMM |
Age, y | 58 | 77 | 70 | 70 | 43 | 83 | 94 | 71 | 68 |
Gender | M | M | F | M | F | F | M | M | M |
Sub‐type | IgAλ | κ | IgAλ | IgGκ | IgAκ | IgAλ | IgDλ | IgGκ | IgGλ |
ISS a | III | III | III | II | — | II | III | — | II |
Previous lines of MM treatment | 5 b | 0 | 4 c | 0 | 1 d | 1 e | 0 | 1 f | — |
Current line of MM treatment | dD‐Veneto | dVD | dD | dRD | dKD | dD | RD | RD | None |
Months on current MM treatment | 2 | 3 | 7 | 49 | 5 | 16 | 3 | 17 | — |
MM response to current line | PD | PD | MR | CR | VGPR | VGPR | PR | VGPR | — |
MM disease progression | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | No | No |
COVID‐19 related risk factors | DM2 | No | No | No | DM2, HT | DM2, HT | DM2 | No | HT |
BMI | 30 | 23 | 20 | 21 | 24 | 34 | 25 | 24 | 23 |
Anticoagulants | No | No | No | Yes | No | No | Yes | Yes | No |
Death due to COVID‐19 | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | No |
Laboratory values at verification of COVID‐19 (PCR) | |||||||||
CRP, mg/L | 79 | 16 | 38 | 136 | <1 | 65 | — | 6 | — |
Hemoglobin, g/dL | 71 | 104 | 93 | 100 | 112 | 100 | 114 | 132 | 126 |
Leukocytes, 109/L | 1.2 | 10.5 | 6.1 | 4.9 | 2 | 4.3 | 4 | 1.8 | 5.2 |
Neutrophils, 109/L | 0.5 | 8 | — | 4.5 | — | 3.2 | — | 1.4 | — |
Lymphocytes, 109/L | 0.5 | — | — | 0.3 | — | 0.7 | — | 0.2 | — |
Creatinine, μmol/L | 102 | 47 | 68 | 60 | 55 | 116 | 72 | 83 | 118 |
eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2 | 63 | >90 | >90 | 78 | >90 | 37 | 60 | 67 | 51 |
M‐protein spike, g/L | 68 | — | 16 | 0 | 1 | 2 | — | 1 | 54 |
IgG, g/L | 1.8 | 2.2 | 0.83 | 5 | 3.0 | 4.9 | 5.7 | 8.1 | 0 |
IgA, g/L | 0 | <0.08 | 0 | 0.42 | 1.1 | 0.30 | 2.1 | 2.5 | 0.23 |
IgM, g/L | <0.1 | <0.08 | <0.1 | 0.96 | <0.1 | 0.24 | 0.34 | 0.39 | 0.21 |
Immunoparesis g | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
Clinical symptoms in the course of COVID‐19 | |||||||||
Fever, >38.5°C | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Dry cough | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Dyspnoea | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | No | np |
Other COVID‐19 related symptoms h | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | Yes | No |
Saturation, lowest level | 93% | ND | ND | 95% i | ND | 89% | 79% | 70% | ND |
Oxygen demanding | No | No | No | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No |
Hospitalization | No j | No j | No k | Yes | No k | Yes | Yes l | Yes | No k |
PCR and COVID‐19 specific IgG response | |||||||||
Post‐COVID‐19‐positive PCR, d | NE | NE | ND | 34 | 28 | 10 | NE | NE | 7 |
IgG antibody response to COVID‐19, d | NE | NE | ND | 46 (pos) | 15 (neg) | 10 (neg) | NE | NE | 78 (neg) |
Abbreviations: CR, complete response; dD, (daratumumab‐dexamethasone); dD‐Veneto, (daratumumab‐dexamethasone‐venetoclax); dKD, (daratumumab‐carfilzomib‐dexamethasone); DM2, Diabetes mellitus type 2; dRD, (daratumumab‐lenalidomide‐dexamethasone); dVD, (daratumumab‐bortezomib‐dexamethasone); HDT, (high‐dose treatment); HT, hypertension; KD, (carfilzomib‐dexamethasone); KPD, (carfilzomib‐pomalidomide‐dexamethasone); MR, minimal response; ND, not determined; NE, not evaluable due to exitus; PD, (pomalidomide‐dexamethasone); PD, progressive disease; PR, partial response; RD, (lenalidomide‐dexamethasone); VCD, (bortezomib‐cyclophosphamide‐dexamethasone); VGPR, very good partial response; VRD, (bortezomib‐lenalidomide‐dexamethasone); VTD, (bortezomib‐thalidomide‐dexamethasone).
As defined by the International Myeloma Working Group.
1st line VCD + HDT 2nd line RD 3rd line KPD 4th line dD 5th HDT.
1st line VTD 2nd line RD 3rd line PD, 4th line KD.
1st line VRD + HDT.
1st line VCD.
1st line VCD.
Reduction below the lower normal limit of one or two uninvolved immunoglobulins, IgG < 6.7 g/L, IgA < 0.88 g/L, IgM < 0.27 g/L.
Either of diarrhea, arthralgia, loss of taste.
Saturation on 5 L oxygen.
Hospitalization was judged not to be beneficial, because of end‐stage disease.
Mild symptoms, admission to hospital not required.
Received oxygen treatment at home from advanced homecare teams.