Figure 1.

Antigen-Specific CD4+ and CD8+ T Cells against SARS-CoV-2 Spike Secrete IFNγ

(A and B) Shown on the left are pseudocolor plots of CyTOF datasets reflecting the percentage of CD4+ (A) or CD8+ (B) T cells producing IFNγ in response to the indicated treatment condition for one representative uninfected (COVID−) and recovered convalescent (COVID+) donor. Numbers correspond to the percentage of cells within the gates. The baseline condition corresponds to cells phenotyped by CyTOF immediately following isolation of PBMCs from freshly drawn blood, whereas for all other treatment conditions, cells were cultured for 6 h prior to phenotyping by CyTOF. PMA/ionomycin treatment was used as a positive control. Anti-CD49d/CD28 was used to provide co-stimulation during peptide treatment. Shown on the right are cumulative data from three uninfected individuals and nine recovered convalescent individuals (Table S1). Results are gated on live singlet CD4+ or CD8+ T cells. ∗∗p < 0.01, ∗∗∗∗p < 0.0001, as assessed using Student’s unpaired t test.

See also Figures S1 and S2.