Table 3.

Regional volume differences of brain regions among EM patients, CM patients and NCs

Brain regions	CM patients (n = 16)	EM patients (n = 16)	NCs (n = 24)	P-value
R-putamen	3.249±0.445↑	3.365±0.439↑	2.947±0.393	0.001
R-frontal pole	2.396±0.239▼	2.754±0.285↑	2.444±0.318	0.009
R-lateral orbital gyrus	1.941±0.228▼	2.263±0.287↑	1.921±0.259	0.005
L-medial frontal cerebrum	1.552±0.135▼	1.864±0.223↑	1.613±0.229	0.001
R-medial frontal cerebrum	2.001±0.209▼	2.354±0.309	2.143±0.262	0.012
L-inferior frontal angular gyrus	2.939±0.349	3.301±0.477↑	2.855±0.437	0.05
R-inferior frontal angular gyrus	3.222±0.311	3.641±0.404↑	3.202±0.375	0.012
L-lingual gyrus	6.902±0.553↑	6.901±0.776↑	6.342±0.567	0.001
L-middle occipital gyrus	5.424±0.570	6.059±0.499↑	5.363±0.660	0.012
L-occipital fusiform gyrus	3.232±0.420↑	3.209±0.240	3.017±0.338	0.03
L-thalamus	3.809±0.432▲	3.463±0.348	3.582±0.463	0.011
L-4th ventricle	0.094±0.014↓	0.100±0.022↓	0.112±0.019	0.004
R-4th ventricle	0.060±0.014↓	0.059±0.010↓	0.069±0.012	0.008
Optic chiasm	0.003±0.001↓	0.007±0.005	0.009±0.006	0.003
L-basal forebrain	0.633±0.059↓	0.694±0.052	0.692±0.060	0.003

Data are expressed as the mean ± SD (general linear model using age, sex and total intracranial volume as covariates followed by pairwise comparison corrected by Bonferroni method). Positive brain regions were presented at a threshold of P < 0.05. ↑: Volume larger than NCs; ↓: volume smaller than NCs; ▲: volume larger than EM; ▼: volume smaller than EM. CM: Chronic migraine; EM: episodic migraine; L: left; NCs: normal controls; R: right.