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. 2020 Aug 17;8(2):e001113. doi: 10.1136/jitc-2020-001113

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© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.

This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.

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Soluble programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) suppresses antitumor immunity and predicts overall survival in patients with melanoma. (A) A model of three known tumor-derived extracellular PD-L1 forms—(1) evPD-L1, (2) ADAM10/ADAM17-cleaved soluble PD-L1 (sPD-L1) ectodomain, and (3) secreted splice variant sPD-L1—that downregulate antitumor immunity and prevent response to PD-(L)1 inhibition. (B) A Kaplan-Meier plot shows significantly worse overall survival for patients with melanoma exhibiting high (≥0.277 ng/mL) versus low (<0.277 ng/mL) plasma sPD-L1 levels (p=0.005). (C) Patients with melanoma exhibited a higher mean plasma sPD-L1 level (1.72 ng/mL) in comparison to healthy controls (0.773 ng/mL). ***p<0.001.