Table 3.
Multiple Linear Regression: Associated Factors of Sleep Complaints in Insomnia
| LSEQ-M Dimensions | Significant Individual Predictor Variables (ß Coefficients; P values) | Cohen’s f2, Model Unadjusted R2; Adjusted R2; P value |
|---|---|---|
| LSEQ-GTS score | Years of University education (0.128; 0.003), GAD-7 Score (−.159; <0.001), SHI score (−.089; 0.049) | 0.006, 0.094, 0.078, <0.001 |
| LSEQ-QOS | Years of University education (0.185; <0.001), GAD-7 Score (−.153; 0.001), age (0.097; 0.036) | 0.009, 0.112, 0.096, <0.001 |
| LSEQ-AFS | Presence of Chronic health conditions (−.116; 0.007), GAD-7 Score (−.097; 0.030), SHI score (−.105; 0.020), age (0.093; 0.048) | 0.006, 0.096, 0.080, <0.001 |
| LSEQ-BFW | Years of University education (0.086; 0.050), GAD-7 Score (−.134; 0.003), SHI score (−.124; 0.007) | 0.004, 0.078, 0.062, <0.001 |
Notes: LSEQ-GTS, LSEQ-QOS, LSEQ-AFS, and LSEQ-BFW: measures sleep onset problems, sleep quality, awakening problems, and daytime disturbances, respectively.
Abbreviations: LSEQ, Leeds Sleep Evaluation Questionnaire-Mizan is an adapted and validated version of the LSEQ; GTS, getting to sleep; QOS, quality of sleep; AFS, awake following sleep; BFW, behaviour following wakening; GAD-7, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 scale; SHI, Sleep Hygiene Index.