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. 2020 Aug 15;11(8):322–350. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v11.i8.322

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©The Author(s) 2020. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.

This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial.

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Obesity: A single cardiorenal umbrella. ACE: Angiotensin converting enzyme; ANP: Atrial natriuretic peptide; ARA2: Angiotensin receptor antagonists; GLP-1: Glucagon-like peptide 1; FFA: Free fatty acid; MR: Mineralocorticoid receptor; NO: Nitric oxide; SGLT2i: Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors; SNS: Sympathetic nervous system; NAFLD: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; RAAS: Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system; CKD: Chronic kidney disease.