Table 1.
Cohort Characteristics by Liver Disease Status
| Characteristic | NAFLD n=5,640 |
Other CLD n=115,210 |
No CLD n= 18,453,375 |
NAFLD vs Other CLD p-value | NAFLD vs no CLD p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean (SE), years | 30.5 (0.17) | 29.5 (0.05) | 28.5 (0.02) | <.001 | <.001 |
| Race/ethnicity, n (%)*: | |||||
| White | 2,255 (42.1) | 61,490 (57.2) | 9,266,372 (53.6) | ||
| Black | 395 (7.4) | 12,475 (11.6) | 2,504,590 (14.5) | ||
| Hispanic | 2,045 (38.2) | 7,750 (7.2) | 3,561,489 (20.6) | <.001 | <.001 |
| Asian/Pacific Islander | 385 (7.2) | 20,125 (18.7) | 998,985 (5.8) | ||
| Other | 270 (5.0) | 5,730 (5.3) | 951,815 (5.5) | ||
| Urban or rural-based hospital, n (%)**: | |||||
| Rural | 500 (8.9) | 19,140 (16.6) | 2,558,737 (13.9) | <.001 | <.001 |
| Urban | 5,130 (91.1) | 95,840 (83.4) | 15,843,742 (86.1) | ||
| Multiple gestation, n (%) | 165 (2.9) | 2,120 (1.8) | 327,995 (1.8) | <.001 | <.001 |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 635 (11.3) | 1,610 (1.4) | 202,345 (1.1) | <.001 | <.001 |
| Obesity, n (%) | 2,235 (39.6) | 7,315 (6.3) | 1,336,310 (7.2) | <.001 | <.001 |
| Dyslipidemia, n (%) | 415 (7.4) | 240 (0.2) | 33,340 (0.2) | <.001 | <.001 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 875 (15.5) | 4,630 (4.0) | 565,680 (3.1) | <.001 | <.001 |
| Cirrhosis, n (%) | 5 (0.09) | 830 (0.7) | ----- | .01 | ----- |
Abbreviations: nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), chronic liver disease (CLD);
*
missing in n=290 NAFLD (5.1%), 7,640 other CLD (6.7%), and n=1,170,125 other CLD (6.3%);
**
missing in n=10 NAFLD (0.2), 230 other CLD (0.2%), and n=50,895 other CLD (0.3%). T-test and chi-squared tests were used to compare continuous and dichotomized measures, respectively, with p <0.05 considered statistically significant.