Table 3.
NAFLD and Adverse Maternal and Perinatal Outcomes: Adjusted Analyses
| NAFLD vs Other CLD | NAFLD vs no CLD | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AOR*, 95% CI | p value | AOR*, 95% CI | p value | |
| Maternal Outcomes | ||||
| Hypertensive complications (preeclampsia, eclampsia, and/or HELLP syndrome) | 3.09 (2.54–3.76) | <.001 | 3.13 (2.61–3.75) | <.001 |
| Postpartum hemorrhage | 1.19 (0.91–1.55) | .20 | 1.67 (1.28–2.16) | <.001 |
| Maternal deatht | 3.80 (0.37–39) | .26 | 17.82 (2.13–149) | .008 |
| Perinatal Outcomes | ||||
| Pre-term birth (<37 weeks) | 1.03 (0.81–1.31) | .84 | 1.60 (1.27–2.02) | <.001 |
| Fetal growth restriction | 0.42 (0.25–0.71) | .001 | 0.73 (0.44–1.21) | 0.22 |
| Large for gestational age | 1.84 (1.36–2.48) | <.001 | 1.14 (0.86–1.5) | 0.36 |
| Fetal death | 0.69 (0.35–1.35) | .28 | 0.96 (0.5–1.86) | 0.90 |
Abbreviations: nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), chronic liver disease (CLD), diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HTN), hemolysis, elevated liver tests, low platelets (HELLP)
*
Adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and confidence intervals (CIs) were computed for each study outcome using logistic regression and adjusted for age, race, multiple gestation, pre-existing diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and obesity, with p <0.05 considered statistically significant; N= 17,263,795 for all models except maternal death (17,260,870 for maternal death model) of available 18,574,225;
t
Reflects 5 deaths in NAFLD group, 35 deaths in other CLD group and 920 deaths in no CLD group.