. 2020 Jul 31;11:1827. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01827

TABLE 7.

Average marginal effects for actual dropout regressed on the Big Five and the covariates.

Model	I			II			III			IV
	AME	CI_95%	p	AME	CI_95%	p	AME	CI_95%	p	AME	CI_95%	p
C	−0.022	[−0.039, −0.004]	0.014	−0.025	[−0.043, −0.008]	0.004	−0.024	[−0.042, −0.007]	0.006	−0.027	[−0.044, −0.009]	0.003
ES	–0.002	[−0.019, 0.016]	0.855	0.001	[−0.017, 0.019]	0.908	0.001	[−0.018, 0.019]	0.951	0.001	[−0.017, 0.019]	0.932
O	0.012	[−0.004, 0.027]	0.143	0.012	[−0.004, 0.027]	0.147	0.011	[−0.004, 0.027]	0.159	0.009	[−0.007, 0.025]	0.253
E	0.014	[−0.002, 0.031]	0.095	0.013	[−0.004, 0.030]	0.132	0.014	[−0.003, 0.031]	0.117	0.013	[−0.004, 0.030]	0.140
A	0.028	[0.005, 0.051]	0.016	0.027	[0.004, 0.049]	0.020	0.027	[0.004, 0.050]	0.019	0.029	[0.007, 0.052]	0.011
Cognitive ability				−0.007	[−0.013, −0.001]	0.009	−0.007	[−0.012, −0.001]	0.016	−0.007	[−0.012, −0.002]	0.011
Parental SES				0.000	[−0.001, 0.001]	0.764	0.000	[−0.001, 0.001]	0.682	0.000	[−0.001, 0.001]	0.912
Gender				0.004	[−0.026, 0.035]	0.776	0.004	[−0.026, 0.035]	0.774	0.005	[−0.025, 0.036]	0.741
Migration background				0.059	[0.010, 0.109]	0.019	0.060	[0.011, 0.110]	0.017	0.058	[0.008, 0.107]	0.023
Cognitive ability × C							0.005	[−0.002, 0.011]	0.164
Cognitive ability × ES							–0.004	[−0.011, 0.003]	0.230
Cognitive ability × E							0.003	[−0.003, 0.010]	0.300
Cognitive ability × O							0.001	[−0.005, 0.007]	0.779
Cognitive ability × A							–0.002	[−0.011, 0.006]	0.600
SES × C										0.000	[−0.001, 0.001]	0.393
SES × ES										0.000	[−0.001, 0.001]	0.817
SES × O										0.001	[0.000, 0.002]	0.011
SES × E										0.000	[−0.001, 0.001]	0.522
SES × A										–0.001	[−0.002, 0.000]	0.162
Pseudo R²	0.010		0.013	0.019		0.001	0.022		0.004	0.026		0.001

Model I: Big Five only; Model II: Big Five and covariates; Model III: Big Five, covariates, and interaction terms between the Big Five and cognitive ability; Model IV: Big Five, covariates, and interaction terms between the Big Five and parental SES. C: Conscientiousness; ES: Emotional Stability; O: Openness; E: Extraversion: A: Agreeableness. N = 1,984. Coefficients and R² significant at the p < 0.05 level are in bold type.