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. 2020 Aug 13;11:1852. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01852

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Copyright © 2020 Di Lodovico, Menghini, Ferrante, Recchia, Castro-Amorim, Gameiro, Cellini and Bessa.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Representative live/dead images of S. aureus ATCC 29213, S. aureus Sa1, S. epidermidis ATCC 12228, S. epidermidis 317, and C. acnes ATCC 11827 biofilms in presence of 1/4 MIC of hop extract compared to the respective controls. The images observed by fluorescent Leica 4000 DM microscopy (Leica Microsystems, Milan, Italy) were recorded at an emission wavelength of 500 nm for SYTO 9 and of 635 nm for propidium iodide, and several fields of view were randomly examined. Original magnification × 1,000.