TABLE 5.

Inhibition of biofilm formation (%) by Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Cutibacterium acnes strains in presence of MICs and sub-MICs of hop extract compared to the ciprofloxacin (CIP) in respect to the control samples (absence of hop extract).

% of biofilm reduction
	Hop extract			CIP
Strains	MIC	1/2 MIC	1/4 MIC	MIC
S. aureus ATCC 29213	95.33* ± 2.20	0.00 ± 0.00	0.00 ± 0.00	92.83* ± 1.55
S. aureus Sa1	97.49* ± 1.84	93.88* ± 5.64	34.60* ± 3.68	95.97* ± 0.63
S. aureus Sa3	95.60* ± 3.15	83.53* ± 2.29	34.12* ± 1.37	87.08* ± 3.60
S. aureus SA007	95.57* ± 2.72	96.76* ± 1.70	35.29* ± 2.69	99.41* ± 0.12
S. aureus SA010	96.45* ± 4.55	0.00 ± 0.00	0.00 ± 0.00	100* ± 0.00
S. epidermidis ATCC 12228	86.96* ± 3.18	44.20* ± 1.66	43.08* ± 10.36	89.25* ± 2.30
S. epidermidis SE009	98.29* ± 2.41	95.04* ± 2.05	31.63* ± 2.54	86.86* ± 2.20
S. epidermidis 317	99.34* ± 0.26	98.74* ± 1.64	62.13* ± 0.83	95.43* ± 4.80
C. acnes ATCC 11827	84.18* ± 2.65	33.36* ± 3.84	30.97* ± 1.44	95.09* ± 4.30

*Statistically significant in respect to the control (P < 0.05).