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. 2020 Aug 5;11:1172. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01172

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Copyright © 2020 Sangweni, Moremane, Riedel, van Vuuren, Huisamen, Mabasa, Barry and Johnson

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Co-treatment with doxorubicin (Dox) plus pinocembrin (Pin) improves mitochondrial respiration. (A) Mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate (OCR) (B) extracellular acidification rate (ECAR), (C) basal respiration, (D) ATP-linked respiration, (E) ATP turnover, (F) maximal respiration and (G) spare respiratory capacity Basal respiration was acquired after subtraction of non-mitochondrial respiration. ATP turnover measured by ATP-linked respiration subtracted from the basal OCR. Maximum respiration calculated by non-mitochondrial respiration subtracted from FCCP-stimulated OCR. Coupling efficiency was calculated as the fraction of basal mitochondrial OCR used for ATP synthesis (ATP-linked OCR/basal OCR). Results were analyzed using One-way Anova, student t-tests, or non-parametric tests where applicable. Data are presented as the mean ± SEM of 3 biological experiments with 6 technical repeats (n=9). Significance is indicated as ^##p ≤ 0.01, ^###p ≤ 0.001 versus the control; *p < 0.05, ^**p ≤ 0.01, ^***p ≤ 0.001 versus Dox.