Table 5.

The association of C0 deficiencies and maternal lipid and glucose in GDM and non-GDM groups. Values are presented as the mean ± SD for continuous variables and percentage for dichotomous variables. ^∗P value for Student's t-test.

	GDM		P value	Control		P value
	C0 < 20	C0 ≥ 20		C0 < 20	C0 ≥ 20
n	52 (81.25%)	12 (128.75)		96 (75%)	32 (25%)
FBG (mmol/L)	5.62 ± 0.82	5.19 ± 0.63	0.02∗	5.03 ± 0.65	4.65 ± 0.32	0.03∗
OGTT-1 h (mmol/L)	10.12 ± 0.29	10.14 ± 0.26	0.43	9.84 ± 0.44	9.43 ± 0.51	0.36
OGTT-2 h (mmol/L)	8.67 ± 0.45	8.59 ± 0.41	0.39	8.35 ± 0.26	7.92 ± 0.33	0.28
TG (mmol/L)	3.12 ± 0.32	1.64 ± 0.25	0.02∗	3.02 ± 0.27	1.94 ± 0.21	0.02∗
TC (mmol/L)	6.32 ± 0.45	4.43 ± 0.62	0.03∗	5.18 ± 0.62	4.32 ± 0.32	0.03∗
HDL (mmol/L)	1.78 ± 0.26	1.83 ± 0.31	0.39	1.71 ± 0.13	1.92 ± 0.28	0.04∗
LDL (mmol/L)	4.89 ± 0.82	3.16 ± 0.76	0.02∗	4.63 ± 0.21	3.04 ± 0.65	0.02∗
HCY (μmol/L)	17.67 ± 1.02	12.31 ± 1.11	0.03∗	15.32 ± 0.64	11.01 ± 0.82	0.03∗