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. 2020 Jul 10;6(28):eaba7260. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.aba7260

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Copyright © 2020 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License 4.0 (CC BY-NC).

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Fig. 5 — Blood glucose levels in diabetic rats after treatment with (A) regular insulin–loaded MNs fabricated from different materials and (B) different types of insulin-loaded Gel MNs. Effects of various application methods of insulin on (C) blood glucose levels and (D) plasma insulin concentrations in diabetic rats. (E) Experimental timeline. (F) Blood glucose changes in diabetic rats received food ad libitum (control) and standardized breakfast-lunch-dinner feeding patterns. Blood glucose excursion (∆BG) was significantly higher at the first feeding of the day than at the other times. (G) Timeline. (H) Rat dorsum inserted with one and three patches of the insulin-loaded IMP, respectively. (I) Blood glucose levels in diabetic rats after treatment with different numbers of the IMP. S.C., subcutaneous. Photo credit for (H): Bozhi Chen, Beijing University of Chemical Technology.