Table 1.
Fatalities for Total and Specific Diagnoses at the HS and NCAA Levelsa
| Total | HS | NCAA | Per 100,000 Athletes | Odds Ratio (95% CI); P Value | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. | Annual Average | No. | Annual Average | No. | Annual Average | Total | HS | NCAA | ||
| All | 187 | 9.35 | 153 | 7.65 | 34 | 1.7 | 0.74 | 0.65 | 2.65 | 4.1 (2.8-5.9); P < .0001 |
| SCA | 105 | 5.3 | 92 | 4.6 | 13 | 0.7 | 0.42 | 0.39 | 1.01 | 2.6 (1.46-4.65); P = .0012 |
| EHS | 43 | 2.15 | 35 | 1.75 | 8 | 0.4 | 0.17 | 0.15 | 0.62 | 4.21 (1.95-9.08); P = .0002 |
| ES with SCT | 22 | 1.1 | 10 | 0.5 | 12 | 0.6 | 0.09 | 0.04 | 0.93 | 22.1 (9.6-51.2); P = .0001 |
| Asthma | 9 | 0.45 | 8 | 0.4 | 1 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.03 | 0.08 | 2.3 (0.3-19.4); P = .43 |
| Hyponatremia | 3 | 0.15 | 3 | 0.15 | 0 | 0.0 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.00 | |
| Unknown | 5 | 0.25 | 5 | 0.25 | 0 | 0.0 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.00 | |
aEHS, exertional heat stroke; ES, exertional sickling; HS, high school; NCAA, National Collegiate Athletic Association; SCA, sudden cardiac arrest; SCT, sickle cell trait.