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. 2020 Jul 27;15:2633105520942480. doi: 10.1177/2633105520942480

Figure 3.

Figure 3.

Activation of macrophages and associated HMGB1/RAGE complex formation. (A) TMEM119 immunoreactivity in frontal cortex. Representative immunohistochemistry micrographs of TMEM 119 reactivity in control (CONT) and GW chemical treated (GWP) mice (magnification 40× and scale bar 50 µm). (B) Morphometric analysis (represented as % ROI) obtained from 10 to 15 images from different microscopy fields from each mouse sample. Data are represented as mean ± SEM (*P < .05; n = 6). (C) Western blots of RAGE protein levels in the frontal cortex of GWP and CONT treated mice. (D) Morphometry analysis of all immunoblots normalized against β-actin (n = 5) (*P < .05; n = 6). Data are represented as mean ± SEM. (E) RAGE/HMGB1 complex formation. HMGB1 (labeled in red) and RAGE (labeled in green) and DAPI stained nucleus (labeled in blue) in GWP and CONT mice. Colocalizations are shown as yellow dots and marked with arrows in the micrographs (magnification 40× and scale bar 20 µm). See Supplemental Figure S3 for images of separate channels. (F) Morphometric analysis (represented as % ROI) obtained from 6 to 8 images from different microscopy fields from each mouse sample. Data are represented as mean ± SEM. (*P < .05; n = 6). GW indicates Gulf War; SEM, standard error of the mean; ROI, region of interest.