Table 1. Characteristics of composite resins used in this study.

Type of composite	Name	Manufacturer	Type of resin monomer	Type of filler	Filler wt./vol.
Nanofilled	Filtek Z350 XT	3M ESPE	Bisphenol A glycidyl methacrylate (bis-GMA); ethoxylated bisphenol A glycol dimethacrylate (bis-EMA); urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA); triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA); polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate (PEGDMA)	Zirconia and silica	78.5%/63.3%
Microhybrid	Zmack Comp	Zhermack	Bis-GMA; bis-EMA; TEGDMA	Bariumglass and silica	77%/57%
Nanohybrid	Zr-Hybrid	Universiti Sains Malaysia	Bis-GMA; TEGDMA	Zirconia and rice husk silica	75%/55.9%