Table 4. Definitions of the outcomes.
| ICD-10-CM code | Number of diagnosis | Diagnostic test or treatment | Combination | Reference | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Atrial fibrillation | |||||
| I48.0–I48.4, I48.9 | Admission ≥1 or outpatient department ≥2 | N/A | 1+2 | 19),22),23),81) | |
| I48, I48.0, I48.1 | Admission ≥1 or outpatient department ≥2 | N/A | 1+2 | 20),82),83) | |
| I48 | Admission ≥1 or outpatient department ≥2 | N/A | 1+2 | 87) | |
| Ischemic stroke | |||||
| I63, I64 | Admission ≥1 | Brain imaging (CT or MRI) ≥1 | 1+2+3 | 20),43),47),48),87) | |
| I63, I64 | Admission ≥1 | Concomitant imaging studies of the brain or related death | 1+2+3 | 53) | |
| Intracranial hemorrhage | |||||
| I60–I62 | Admission ≥1 | RBC transfusion ≥1 | 1+2 or 1+3 | 43),47),48) | |
| I60–I62 | Admission ≥1 or outpatient department ≥2 | Concomitant imaging studies of the brain or related death | 1+2+3 | 53) | |
| I60–I62 | Admission ≥1 | With hospitalization and brain imaging (CT or MRI) | 1+2+3 | 87) | |
| Hospitalization for GI bleeding | |||||
| K26.0, K26.2, K26.4, K26.6, K27.0, K27.2, K27.4, K27.6, K28.0, K28.2, K28.4, K28.6, K29.0, K62.5, K92.0, K92.1, K92.2 | Admission ≥1 | RBC transfusion ≥1 | 1+2+3 | 43),47),48) | |
| K25–K28 (subcodes 0–2 and 4–6 only), K92.0, K92.1, K92.2, K62.5, I85.0, I98.3 | Admission ≥1 or outpatient department ≥2 | Related death | 1+2 or 1+3 | 53) | |
| I85.0, K22.1, K22.8, K25.0, K25.2, K25.4, K25.6, K26.0, K26.2, K26.4, K26.6, K27.0, K27.2, K27.4, K27.6, K28.0, K28.2, K28.4, K28.6, K29.0, K31.8, K55.2, K57.0, 57.1, K57.2, K57.3, K57.4, K57.5, K57.8, K57.9, K62.5, K66.1, K92.0, K92.1, K92.2 | N/A | N/A | 1 | 87) | |
| Major bleeding | |||||
| ICH or major GI bleeding (I60–62, K26.0, K26.2, K26.4, K26.6, K27.0, K27.2, K27.4, K27.6, K28.0, K28.2, K28.4, K28.6, K29.0, K62.5, K92.0, K92.1, K92.2) | ICH, admission ≥1 or GI bleeding, admission ≥1 | RBC transfusion ≥1 | ICH (1+2 or 1+3) and GI bleeding (1+2+3) | 43),47),48) | |
| ICH, gastrointestinal bleeding, or anemia caused by bleeding (I60–I62, K25–28 (subcodes 0–2 and 4–6 only), K92.0, K92.1, K92.2, K62.5, I85.0, I98.3, D62) | Admission ≥1 or outpatient department ≥2 | Concomitant imaging studies of the brain or related death | 1+2 or 1+3 | 53) | |
Combination: 1 = ICD-10-CM code; 2 = Number of diagnosis; and 3 = Diagnostic tests or treatment.
CT = computed tomography; CD-10 = International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision; GI = gastrointestinal; ICH = intracranial hemorrhage; MRI = magnetic resonance imaging; N/A = not applicable; RBC = red blood cell.