Table 2.
Descriptive statistics of air quality before the events
| City | Var | Before the event | During the event | After the event | |||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | Std. | Skewness | Kurtosis | IQR | Range | Mean | Std. | Skewness | Kurtosis | IQR | Range | Mean | Std. | Skewness | Kurtosis | IQR | Range | ||
| Wuhan | AQI | 80.5 | 37.15 | 0.27 | 1.72 | 58 | 122 | 67.3 | 18.56 | 0.29 | 1.53 | 33 | 51 | 85.07 | 22.49 | − 0.93 | 3.12 | 29 | 88 |
| PM2.5 | 30.4 | 11.40 | − 0.65 | 2.23 | 17 | 43 | 33.5 | 8.96 | 0.16 | 1.89 | 13 | 26 | 48.23 | 18.41 | − 0.15 | 2.36 | 29 | 72 | |
| PM10 | 55.6 | 21.74 | 0.11 | 2.23 | 28 | 82 | 54.3 | 10.15 | 0.75 | 2.12 | 18 | 29 | 94.8 | 30.41 | − 0.59 | 2.65 | 38 | 114 | |
| SO2 | 10.67 | 3.80 | 0.32 | 1.77 | 7 | 12 | 8.5 | 1.27 | 0.69 | 2.60 | 1 | 4 | 11.37 | 3.55 | 0.59 | 2.85 | 4 | 14 | |
| CO | 0.86 | 0.17 | − 0.03 | 1.76 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.86 | 0.22 | -0.56 | 1.85 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.96 | 0.23 | − 0.31 | 2.35 | 0.3 | 0.8 | |
| NO2 | 40.5 | 20.33 | 0.98 | 2.78 | 26 | 68 | 48.8 | 16.34 | 0.39 | 2.23 | 19 | 62 | 61.97 | 22.79 | − 0.04 | 1.83 | 38 | 78 | |
| O3 | 126.87 | 52.39 | − 0.01 | 1.73 | 91 | 187 | 103.2 | 37.71 | − 0.25 | 1.57 | 69 | 102 | 80.13 | 32.16 | − 0.06 | 1.81 | 48 | 115 | |
| Chengdu | AQI | 63.93 | 27.15 | 1.49 | 4.96 | 25 | 116 | 120.18 | 36.76 | 0.41 | 2.22 | 45 | 114 | 61.5 | 31.80 | 1.40 | 3.73 | 27 | 117 |
| PM2.5 | 18.67 | 8.25 | 0.67 | 2.70 | 14 | 31 | 30.55 | 11.5 | 0.55 | 1.82 | 20 | 33 | 26 | 11.91 | 0.04 | 2.73 | 15 | 50 | |
| PM10 | 33.77 | 14.54 | 0.58 | 2.59 | 21 | 56 | 59.73 | 21.48 | 0.43 | 1.58 | 35 | 57 | 41.77 | 17.94 | 0.36 | 3.33 | 21 | 81 | |
| SO2 | 4.47 | 0.63 | 0.97 | 2.90 | 1 | 2 | 6.91 | 2.66 | 1.83 | 5.66 | 3 | 9 | 5.33 | 1.32 | 1.19 | 3.78 | 2 | 5 | |
| CO | 0.73 | 0.10 | − 0.28 | 2.59 | 0.1 | 0.4 | 0.8 | 0.09 | 0 | 1.375 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.80 | 0.13 | − 0.78 | 3.17 | 0.2 | 0.5 | |
| NO2 | 34.43 | 9.87 | 0.30 | 2.07 | 15 | 35 | 44 | 9.24 | -0.11 | 1.92 | 12 | 29 | 33.6 | 8.51 | − 0.42 | 2.92 | 12 | 36 | |
| O3 | 107.2 | 39.06 | 0.86 | 3.41 | 50 | 167 | 180.18 | 41.44 | 0.22 | 2.19 | 51 | 132 | 96.5 | 47.87 | 1.07 | 2.91 | 56 | 172 | |
| Zhengzhou | AQI | 105.97 | 28.38 | − 0.05 | 2.63 | 41 | 115 | 69.67 | 53.11 | 0.98 | 2.39 | 61 | 144 | 88.63 | 39.91 | 0.23 | 1.53 | 78 | 134 |
| PM2.5 | 27.67 | 9.19 | 0.25 | 1.91 | 18 | 30 | 26.89 | 20.37 | 0.86 | 2.36 | 30 | 58 | 30.6 | 10.79 | − 0.36 | 2.04 | 17 | 38 | |
| PM10 | 61.37 | 13.44 | − 0.64 | 3.89 | 19 | 63 | 50.44 | 32.6 | 0.38 | 1.64 | 58 | 87 | 67.8 | 26.13 | − 0.29 | 1.8 | 48 | 86 | |
| SO2 | 6.27 | 2.82 | 0.70 | 3.31 | 4 | 12 | 6.33 | 2.18 | 0.55 | 1.90 | 3 | 6 | 7.37 | 2.79 | 1.19 | 4.34 | 3 | 12 | |
| CO | 0.80 | 0.22 | 1.96 | 7.13 | 0.2 | 1 | 0.81 | 0.16 | 1.51 | 5.16 | 0 | 0.6 | 0.90 | 0.22 | 0.87 | 4.51 | 0.3 | 1.1 | |
| NO2 | 33.7 | 7.91 | − 0.08 | 2.39 | 13 | 32 | 26.33 | 5.29 | 0.03 | 1.52 | 10 | 13 | 42.57 | 14.63 | 0.52 | 2.58 | 22 | 57 | |
| O3 | 163.53 | 35.50 | -0.47 | 2.86 | 46 | 153 | 105.44 | 73.65 | 0.78 | 2.04 | 112 | 197 | 130.37 | 62.13 | − 0.09 | 1.5 | 127 | 201 | |
| Taiyuan | AQI | 110.37 | 32.32 | − 0.12 | 2.35 | 48 | 133 | 86.6 | 29.95 | 1.14 | 2.92 | 36 | 88 | 74.87 | 27.95 | 0.98 | 3.13 | 36 | 110 |
| PM2.5 | 36.37 | 12.72 | 0.34 | 2.95 | 21 | 57 | 25.8 | 15.75 | 1.25 | 3.42 | 17 | 48 | 29.43 | 10.98 | 0.03 | 1.96 | 18 | 40 | |
| PM10 | 60.8 | 18.62 | − 0.03 | 2.14 | 27 | 74 | 54.6 | 19.71 | 0.43 | 1.88 | 29 | 57 | 62.43 | 21.99 | − 0.23 | 2.48 | 31 | 87 | |
| SO2 | 8.07 | 2.35 | − 0.15 | 2.17 | 4 | 9 | 10.2 | 2.82 | 0.51 | 1.57 | 6 | 7 | 11.7 | 3.78 | 0.15 | 2.94 | 5 | 17 | |
| CO | 0.84 | 0.13 | − 0.43 | 2.99 | 0.2 | 0.6 | 0.73 | 0.24 | 0.37 | 1.62 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.83 | 0.19 | 0.53 | 3.02 | 0.2 | 0.8 | |
| NO2 | 32.53 | 8.31 | 0.43 | 2.04 | 14 | 30 | 34.5 | 8.81 | 0.52 | 2.82 | 11 | 31 | 45.77 | 9.58 | 0.32 | 3.14 | 11 | 42 | |
| O3 | 168.8 | 38.88 | − 0.42 | 2.62 | 54 | 163 | 136.6 | 39.82 | 0.70 | 2.64 | 46 | 134 | 114.43 | 46.17 | 0.20 | 2.5 | 57 | 185 | |