Table I.
Demographic and pathologic characteristics of patients undergoing pancreatoduodenectomy*
| Open | Laparoscopic | P value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. patients, n (%) | 4,544 | 90% | 488 | 10% | |
| Age, mean (SD) | 65 | 12 | 65 | 13 | .50 |
| Female sex, n (%) | 2,135 | 47.0% | 234 | 48.0% | .69 |
| CCI, median (IQR) | 3 | 2–6 | 5 | 2–6 | <.01 |
| Race/ethnicity, n (%) | |||||
| White | 3,349 | 73.7% | 354 | 72.5% | .52 |
| Black | 398 | 8.8% | 37 | 7.6% | |
| Hispanic | 354 | 7.8% | 45 | 9.2% | |
| Other | 445 | 9.8% | 52 | 10.7% | |
| Insurance type, n (%) | |||||
| Medicare | 2,426 | 53.4% | 251 | 51.4% | <.01 |
| Medicaid | 398 | 8.8% | 24 | 4.9% | |
| Private | 568 | 12.5% | 197 | 40.4% | |
| Other | 154 | 3.4% | 16 | 3.3% | |
| Pathology, n (%) | |||||
| Malignant | 2,893 | 63.7% | 338 | 69.3% | .01 |
| Benign | 1,651 | 36.3% | 150 | 30.7% | |
| Annual hospital PD volume, terciles n (%) | |||||
| Low (1–16) | 1,213 | 26.7% | 119 | 24.4% | <.01 |
| Moderate to high (17–127) | 2,472 | 54.4% | 225 | 46.1% | |
| Very high (>127) | 859 | 18.9% | 144 | 29.5% | |
*
Data represents 2012 to 2014 for Florida, Maryland, Massachusetts, New York, and Washington.