Table 3.
Parenting group, age, and sex predicting change in well-being among parents.
| Negative Affect |
Psychological Well-Being |
Somatic Symptoms |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | |
| (Intercept) | 3.51*** | 3.55*** | 3.51*** | 57.57*** | 56.94*** | 57.40*** | 1.64*** | 1.64*** | 1.64*** |
| Time 1 Level | .58*** | .58*** | .58*** | .70*** | .70*** | .70*** | .57*** | .57*** | .57*** |
| Dev. Problem | .65* | .50+ | .72+ | -.80 | −1.43 | 3.49 | .25 | .25 | -.20 |
| MH Problem | .70* | .82* | 1.43** | −3.55 | −3.80 | −11.47 | .06 | .07 | .28 |
| Parent Age | -.01 | .00 | -.01 | -.22* | -.19+ | -.22* | .00 | .00 | .00 |
| Parent Sex (1 = female) | -.32* | -.31+ | -.22 | 3.51* | 3.56* | 3.40* | .01 | .01 | -.01 |
| Dev. x Age | -.05* | -.30 | .00 | ||||||
| MH x Age | -.04 | .03 | .00 | ||||||
| Dev. x Sex | -.15 | −2.60 | .27 | ||||||
| MH x Sex | −1.16+ | 4.83 | -.13 | ||||||
| Race (1 = Non-Hispanic White) | .07 | .08 | .07 | −2.28 | −2.05 | −2.35 | -.05 | -.05 | -.04 |
| Education (years) | -.01 | -.01 | -.02 | .73* | .72* | .75* | -.01 | -.01 | -.01 |
| Income | -.12 | -.12 | -.12 | 3.14*** | 3.13*** | 3.12*** | -.11* | -.11* | -.11* |
| Employment (1 = Employed) | -.10 | -.07 | -.09 | −2.55 | −2.47 | −2.60 | -.16 | -.16 | -.16 |
| Marital Status (1 = Married) | -.31 | -.33+ | -.30 | 2.80 | 2.70 | 2.75 | .16 | .16 | .16 |
| Number of Children | .08 | .08 | .08 | .79 | .80 | .79 | -.03 | -.03 | -.03 |
| Number Co-Resident Children | .05 | .07 | .05 | −2.61** | −2.70** | −2.66** | .05 | .05 | .05 |
| Adjusted R2 | .361 | .364 | .362 | .526 | .526 | .526 | .330 | .329 | .329 |
| Δ R2 | .004+ | .002 | .001 | .001 | .000 | .001 | |||
| Significance |
F(12, 979) = 47.7*** |
F(14, 977) = 41.5*** |
F(14, 977) = 41.2*** |
F(12, 1002) = 94.9*** |
F(14, 1000) = 81.5*** |
F(14, 1000) = 81.4*** |
F(12, 992) = 42.2*** |
F(14, 990) = 36.1*** |
F(14, 990) = 36.2*** |
Note. Dev. = Developmental; MH = Mental Health; all coefficients reported are unstandardized;+= p < .10; * = p < .05; ** = p < .01; *** = p < .001.