Table 4.

Inputs for LCOW calculation - Estimation of CAPEX and OPEX based on the model output and on data from literature [[33], [34], [35], [36], [37], [38],42].

CAPEX	Value ($/(m3/d))
RO modules (trains, pressure vessels and membrane elements)	70
Other equipment (pumps, pre-treatment (filtration and chemicals), energy recovery devices, power electronics etc.)	450
Sea water intake/brine reject	100
Site preparation - Construction	400
Other costs (engineering, shipping, legal costs)	140
Total CAPEX (including 5% for contingency)	1220

OPEX	Value ($/m3)
Membrane replacement (20%/y)	0.03
Chemicals	0.08
Maintenance & spare parts (2% total CAPEX/y)	0.07
Brine disposal and other externalities	0.04
Insurance (0,5% total CAPEX/y)	0.02
Labor	0.05
Electricity	See next section
Total OPEX excluding electricity	0.29