TABLE 2.
Compilation of data from different studies looking at the effects of high-fat feeding on gut microbiota composition and their effects on intestinal barrier integrity1
| GI microbe phylum | GI microbe subclass | Effects of HFD | Permeability effects | Potential function(s) | Reference(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Actinobacteria | Bifidobacterium spp. | ↓ | ↓ | Short-chain fatty acid production increases gut barrier integrity | (91, 142, 151) |
| Bacteriodetes | Bacteriodiodes spp. | ↑ | ↓ or ↑ | Decreases gut colonization of Enterobacteriaceae | (143, 144) |
| Prevotella spp. | ↓ | ↓ | Unknown | (152) | |
| Firmicutes | Clostridium spp. | ↑ | ↓ | Acetate, propionate, and toxin production | (153, 154) |
| Lactobacillus spp. | ↓ | ↓ | Increases expression of OCLN and TJP1 | (155) | |
| Oscillobacter spp. | ↑ | ↑ | Decreases expression of TJP1 | (156) | |
| Proteobacteria | Desulfovibio spp. | ↑ | ↑ | H2S production from TCA | (157) |
| Verrucomicrobia | Akkermansia spp. | ↓ | ↓ | Increases GC mucus and IEC TJ protein synthesis | (158, 159) |
1
GC, goblet cell; GI, gastrointestinal; HFD, high-fat diet; IEC, intestinal epithelial cell; OCLN, occludin gene; TCA, taurocholic acid; TJ, tight junction; TJP1, zona-occludens 1 (ZO1) gene.