Table 2.
Patient counts, event counts, and incidence rates of key outcomes according to HCQ versus SSZ use
|
30-day follow-up |
On-treatment follow-up |
|||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HCQ users | SSZ users | HCQ events | SSZ events | HCQ incidence rate (per 1000 person-years) | SSZ incidence rate (per 1000 person-years) | HCQ users | SSZ users | HCQ events | SSZ events | HCQ incidence rate (per 1000 person-years) | SSZ incidence rate (per 1000 person-years) | |
| Cardiovascular-related mortality | ||||||||||||
| Clinformatics | 51 280 | 17 389 | 16 | <5 | 3·85 | <3·54 | 51 280 | 17 389 | 234 | 25 | 4·39 | 2·00 |
| CPRD | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 9127 | 11 398 | 7 | 25 | 0·39 | 0·94 |
| VA | 32 028 | 14 349 | 9 | <5 | 3·43 | <4·25 | 32 028 | 14 349 | 315 | 65 | 5·69 | 3·71 |
| Meta-analysis | 83 308 | 31 738 | 25 | <10 | 3·68 | <3·86 | 92 435 | 43 136 | 556 | 115 | 4·39 | 2·03 |
| All-cause mortality | ||||||||||||
| Clinformatics | 51 280 | 17 389 | 20 | 10 | 4·81 | 7·09 | 51 280 | 17 389 | 527 | 66 | 9·88 | 5·29 |
| CPRD | 9127 | 11 398 | 6 | 5 | 8·03 | 5·35 | 9127 | 11 398 | 253 | 386 | 14·02 | 14·56 |
| IMRD | 8851 | 8460 | <5 | 6 | <6·91 | 8·66 | 8851 | 8460 | 214 | 241 | 12·32 | 12·72 |
| VA | 32 028 | 14 349 | 45 | 17 | 17·13 | 14·45 | 32 028 | 14 349 | 1356 | 327 | 24·51 | 18·65 |
| Meta-analysis | 101 286 | 51 596 | <76 | 38 | <9·20 | 9·02 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Chest pain or angina | ||||||||||||
| AmbEMR | 57 140 | 15 268 | 122 | 31 | 26·04 | 24·76 | 57 140 | 15 268 | 451 | 112 | 24·44 | 19·89 |
| CCAE | 65 935 | 22 173 | 440 | 143 | 82·41 | 79·62 | 65 935 | 22 173 | 3354 | 810 | 55·00 | 58·80 |
| Clinformatics | 50 698 | 17 221 | 396 | 166 | 96·62 | 119·34 | 50 698 | 17 221 | 3185 | 829 | 66·13 | 72·48 |
| CPRD | 9114 | 11 388 | 10 | 17 | 13·40 | 18·22 | 9114 | 11 388 | 260 | 422 | 14·99 | 16·78 |
| DAGermany | 3884 | 5045 | <5 | 5 | <15·69 | 12·07 | 3884 | 5045 | 31 | 36 | 12·36 | 10·26 |
| IMRD | 8843 | 8452 | 9 | 10 | 12·45 | 14·46 | 8843 | 8452 | 235 | 293 | 14·00 | 16·25 |
| MDCD | 7982 | 2177 | 80 | 23 | 123·50 | 130·43 | 7982 | 2177 | 467 | 100 | 87·34 | 85·81 |
| MDCR | 15 690 | 5150 | 129 | 49 | 101·25 | 117·43 | 15 690 | 5150 | 1178 | 279 | 71·38 | 75·12 |
| OpenClaims | 617 628 | 182 776 | 2674 | 804 | 52·83 | 53·68 | 617 628 | 182 776 | 31 161 | 6198 | 38·59 | 38·11 |
| OptumEHR | 76 844 | 21 549 | 629 | 143 | 101·46 | 82·23 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| VA | 31 824 | 14 276 | 130 | 54 | 49·89 | 46·20 | 31 824 | 14 276 | 1822 | 611 | 35·88 | 37·31 |
| Meta-analysis | 945 582 | 305 475 | <4624 | 1445 | <59·86 | 57·90 | 868 738 | 283 926 | 42 144 | 9690 | 40·36 | 37·07 |
| Heart failure | ||||||||||||
| AmbEMR | 57 383 | 15 305 | 42 | 10 | 8·92 | 7·96 | 57 383 | 15 305 | 182 | 53 | 9·76 | 9·37 |
| CCAE | 66 604 | 22 370 | 30 | 5 | 5·55 | 2·75 | 66 604 | 22 370 | 305 | 74 | 4·64 | 5·07 |
| Clinformatics | 51 204 | 17 356 | 84 | 25 | 20·23 | 17·76 | 51 204 | 17 356 | 915 | 207 | 17·55 | 16·90 |
| CPRD | 9126 | 11 397 | <5 | <5 | <6·69 | <5·35 | 9126 | 11 397 | 16 | 36 | 0·89 | 1·36 |
| DAGermany | 3885 | 5042 | <5 | <5 | <15·68 | <12·08 | 3885 | 5042 | 11 | 22 | 4·29 | 6·22 |
| IMRD | 8852 | 8460 | <5 | <5 | <6·91 | <7·22 | 8852 | 8460 | 15 | 21 | 0·86 | 1·11 |
| MDCD | 8072 | 2195 | 15 | <5 | 22·81 | <27·99 | 8072 | 2195 | 118 | 28 | 20·55 | 23·02 |
| MDCR | 15 808 | 5171 | 39 | 19 | 30·30 | 45·22 | 15 808 | 5171 | 586 | 141 | 33·13 | 36·29 |
| OpenClaims | 620 244 | 183 350 | 749 | 214 | 14·71 | 14·22 | 620 244 | 183 350 | 12 246 | 2246 | 14·36 | 13·22 |
| OptumEHR | 77 813 | 21 768 | 237 | 50 | 37·64 | 28·39 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| VA | 31 895 | 14 307 | 56 | 17 | 21·42 | 14·49 | 31 895 | 14 307 | 897 | 296 | 16·75 | 17·42 |
| Meta-analysis | 950 886 | 306 721 | <1267 | <360 | <16·28 | <14·34 | 873 073 | 284 953 | 15 291 | 3124 | 13·85 | 11·43 |
AmbEMR=IQVIA Ambulatory EMR. CCAE=IBM Commercial Claims and Encounters. CPRD=Clinical Practice Research Datalink. DAGermany=IQVIA Disease Analyzer Germany. EMR=electronic medical record. HCQ=hydroxychloroquine. IMRD=IQVIA UK Integrated Medical Record Data. MDCD=IBM Multi-state Medicaid. MDCR=IBM Medicare Supplemental Database. NA=non-applicable (not reported because of failed diagnostics or on-treatment follow-up unavailable). OptumEHR=Optum de-identified Electronic Health Record. SSZ=sulfasalazine. VA=US Department of Veterans Affairs.