Table 1. Articles included in the review for research question #1.

Article	Country	Design	Medical / health specialty	Main ethical issues addressed
Ashton and Sullivan 55	USA	Multiple case studies	Mental health care	Confidentiality
Baldini et al. 38	Italy, Netherlands	Review and concept paper	Lifestyle	Privacy, data protection, psychological biases, accountability, digital divide
Boers et al. 36	Netherlands, UK	Review and opinion paper	Primary care	Ethical tensions, explicability, patient-provider relationship, responsibility, autonomy, disparities, digital divide
Bourla et al. 45	France	Observational mixed methods study	Mental care	Pre-emptive medical intervention, reinforcing anwety instead of providing a feeling of safety, stigmatization, provider-patient relationship
Brill et al. 49	USA	Review and opinion paper	Care	Autonomy, privacy, beneficence, ethical tension, provider-patient relationship
Brisson et al. 33	USA	Concept paper	Education	Privacy
Carter et al. 35	Australia	Review and opinion paper	Breast cancer care	Professional ethics, responsibility, explicability, bias in data sets, consent, privacy, confidentiality
Davenport and Kalakota 25	USA	Review and opinion paper	Care	Algorithmic transparency and explicability, biases in data, accountability
Lie Kiel et al. 31	USA, Haiti	Case study	Care	Privacy, security
Duckett 29	Australia	Case study	Care	Ownership of health information, threats to illegal access to health information
tberlin et al. 52	USA	Review and opinion paper	Plastic surgery	Privacy, security, identity
Erikainen et al. 28	UK	Review and opinion paper	Care and lifestyle	Ethical tension, digital divide, disparities, data ownership, quality of data
Evans and Whicher 47	USA	Review and opinion paper	Research and care	Explicability, data integrity, privacy, and confidentiality
Galvin et al. 48	USA	Review and opinion paper	Care and research	Democratization, co-creation of knowledge
Gensheimer et al. 54	USA	Guidelines	Care and research	Consent
Gooding 46	Australia	Review and opinion paper	Mental care	Transparency, harm minimization, accountability, privacy, and security
Graham et al. 26	USA	Review and opinion paper	Mental care	Biases in data (subjectivity), ethical problems due to poor digital literacy
Ho and Quick 57	Canada, USA, UK	Review	Care	Safety, patient-provider relationship
Lenca et al. 56	Switzerland, USA	Review	Care of dementia patients	Autonomy, privacy, beneficence, non-maleficence, interdependence, justice
Kogetsu et al. 21	Japan	Concept paper	Research	Privacy, data protection, autonomy (own intent)
Kuhnel 53	USA	Case study and review	Mental care	Privacy, confidentiality, loss of information control, provider-patient relationship (trust), integrity and validity, patient consent
Laurie 58	UK	Review and case study	Research and care	Privacy, public benefit, transparency, accountability, trustworthiness
Lehmann et al. 23	USA	Concept and consensus paper	Care	Informed consent
Loftus et al. 37	USA	Review and opinion paper	Surgical care	Algorithmic bias, accountability in case of errors
Macdonald et al. 50	Canada, UK	Observational qualitative study	Care	Provider-patient relationship
Mars et al. 51	South Africa, Canada	Review and opinion paper	Dermatology care	Responsibility, provider-patient relationship, consent, confidentiality, security, professional ethics
McBride et al. 40	USA	Review and opinion paper	(nursing) care	Professional ethics, ethical tension, moral distress, data integrity
McWilliams et al. 20	UK	Concept paper	Research	Confidentiality, beneficence (common good)
Meredith et al. 30	Australia, UK	Review and case study	Adolescents care	Consent, autonomy, privacy and confidentiality, ethical tension
Moscatelli et al. 22	Italy	System description	Research	Privacy and confidentiality
Musher et al. 39	USA	Case studies	Care	Fraud/data integrity, professional ethics
Natsiavas et al. 43	Greece	Observational quantitative study	Care	Informed consent (autonomy), confidentiality
Pathak and Chou 44	USA	Discussion paper	Adolescents care	Confidentiality, ethical tension
Rashidi et al. 27	USA	Review and opinion paper	Pain research	Patient-physician relationship
Robichaux et al. 41	USA	Review and opinion paper	Care	Stigmatization and biases, technomoral virtues humility (to know the limits), patient-provider relationship, justice, data integrity, moral leadership
Sanchez et al. 34	Spain	Review of guidelines	Research	Consent, privacy, beneficence (common good)
Sanelli-Russo et al. 24	USA	Concept paper	Care	Clinical ethics consultation
Stockdale et al. 42	UK, Ireland	Systematic review	Research	Privacy, security, trust, consent
Wilburn 32	USA	Case study	Education	Confidentiality, ethical tension