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. 2020 Aug 21;6:31. doi: 10.1038/s41522-020-00141-z

Table 3.

Validation of calcein uptake protocol for assessing staphylococcal channel gating.

Bacterial state Exposure to S. aureus RN4220 % fluorescent staphylococci S. aureus RN4220 ΔmscL % fluorescent staphylococci
Planktonic Calcein → Formaldehyde 3 ± 4 7 ± 7
Planktonic Formaldehyde → Calcein 9 ± 8 13 ± 4
Adhering Calcein → Formaldehyde 45 ± 11 45 ± 11
Adhering Formaldehyde → Calcein 6 ± 3 9 ± 5
Adhering Gadolinium → Calcein 9 ± 3 6 ± 2

Fluorescence of planktonic and staphylococci adhering to polystyrene wells due to uptake of calcein prior to and after exposure of bacteria to formaldehyde33 or gadolinium to induce channel closure34,3739,50. ± signs represent standard deviations over nine different fluorescence images obtained from three different bacterial cultures.