Table 1.
Characteristics of emergency department patients presenting with chest pain or shortness of breath, northern Tanzania, 2019 (N=681)
| Patient characteristic | Patients with presumptive AMI (N = 152) mean (sd) | Patients without AMI (N = 529) mean (sd) | pa | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 61.2 (18.5) | 59.2 (20.0) | .. | 0.244 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 23.9 (4.4) | 25.2 (5.8) | .. | 0.003* |
| Serum troponin I, ng/mlb | 0.97 (3.49) | 0.01 (0.02) | <0.001* | |
| Duration of symptoms prior to presentation, days | 6.6 (12.2) | 7.2 (11.3) | 0.561 | |
| Patients with AMI (N = 152) n (%) | Patients without AMI (N = 529) n (%) | Odds ratio (95% CI) | pa | |
| Male | 91 (59.9%) | 226 (42.7%) | 2.00 (1.39–2.89) | <0.001* |
| History of hypertension | 94 (61.8%) | 321 (60.7%) | 1.05 (0.73–1.53) | 0.796 |
| History of diabetes | 27 (17.8%) | 123 (23.3%) | 0.72 (0.44–1.12) | 0.150 |
| History of hyperlipidemia | 8 (5.3%) | 39 (7.4%) | 0.71 (0.30–1.48) | 0.366 |
| History of chronic kidney disease | 16 (10.5%) | 40 (7.5%) | 1.45 (0.76–2.62) | 0.241 |
| History of heart failure | 48 (31.6%) | 179 (33.8%) | 0.90 (0.61–1.33) | 0.603 |
| History of tobacco use | 54 (35.5%) | 157 (29.7%) | 1.31 (0.89–1.91) | 0.169 |
| Personal history of cardiovascular disease | 9 (5.9%) | 32 (6.0%) | 0.99 (0.43–2.05) | 0.953 |
| Family history of cardiovascular disease | 27 (17.8%) | 97 (18.3%) | 0.97 (0.59–1.53) | 0.872 |
| Self-reported history of HIV | 5 (3.3%) | 11 (2.1%) | 1.63 (0.49–4.65) | 0.385 |
| Chagga tribe | 92 (60.5%) | 316 (59.7%) | 1.03 (0.72–1.50) | 0.861 |
*
p<0.05
AMI: Acute myocardial infarction
HIV: Human immunodeficiency virus
a
Univariate comparisons between continuous and categorical variables were assessed via Welch’s t-test; univariate comparisons between categorical variables were assessed via Pearson’s chi-squared.
b
Manufacturer-recommended cutoff is 0.08 ng/ml, the 99th percentile of the reference range