Fig. 2. Nanoclip nerve interface chronic implantation and functional safety.

a Diagram of the nanoclip interface implanted on the nXIIts nerve of the zebra finch. b Functional assessment of nXIIts following bilateral nanoclip implant (blue), sham implant (black), nerve crush (red), or intact (gray) quantified as the acoustic similarity of baseline to post-manipulation song structure (see “Methods”). Line and error bars denote mean ± Std across n = 3 birds per condition. Red triangle marks day of surgery. c Summary statistics showing the difference in acoustic similarity between baseline song and songs produced on days 1 and 8 post manipulation. Colors denote experimental conditions as in (b). Each data point represents the mean across all motifs from a single bird. Bars and error bars denote mean ± Std across n = 3 birds per condition. Two-tailed paired t-test, day 1: P = 0.02; day 8: P = 0.016. *P < 0.05. Source data are provided as a Source Data File.