Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics
| Characteristic | Treatment | |
|---|---|---|
| Alendronate (n = 32) | Placebo (n = 18) | |
| Country | ||
| United States | 14 (44) | 7 (39) |
| Brazil | 18 (56) | 11 (61) |
| Sex | ||
| Male | 21 (66) | 13 (72) |
| Female | 11 (34) | 5 (28) |
| Race/ethnicity | ||
| White non-Latino/Latina | 6 (19) | 1 (6) |
| Black non-Latino/Latina | 6 (19) | 1 (6) |
| Latino/Latina (regardless of race) | 20 (63) | 16 (89) |
| Age, y | ||
| Median (Min, Max) | 16.1 (11.1, 23.4) | 16.3 (11.2, 22.4) |
| 11–14 | 11 (34) | 6 (33) |
| 15–18 | 15 (47) | 8 (44) |
| ≥19 | 6 (19) | 4 (22) |
| Tanner stage | ||
| 1 | 1 (3) | 2 (11) |
| 2 | 5 (16) | 2 (11) |
| 3 | 6 (19) | 2 (11) |
| 4 | 9 (28) | 6 (33) |
| 5 | 11 (34) | 6 (33) |
| Smoker at entry | ||
| Yes | 2 (6) | 1 (6) |
| No | 30 (94) | 17 (94) |
| CDC disease category | ||
| A/1 | 1 (3) | 3 (17) |
| B/2 | 2 (6) | 6 (33) |
| C/3 | 29 (91) | 9 (50) |
| CD4 count, cells/μL | ||
| Median (Q1, Q3) | 692.5 (542.5, 776.5) | 875.5 (599.0, 1152.0) |
| 200–499 | 6 (19) | 2 (11) |
| 500–999 | 20 (63) | 10 (56) |
| ≥1000 | 6 (19) | 6 (33) |
| HIV-1 RNA, copies/mL | ||
| <400 | 26 (81) | 15 (83) |
| ≥400 | 6 (19) | 3 (17) |
| On tenofovir | ||
| No | 18 (56) | 9 (50) |
| Yes | 14 (44) | 9 (50) |
| Lumbar spine BMD, g/m2 | ||
| No. | 32 | 18 |
| Median (Q1, Q3) | 0.7 (0.6, 0.8) | 0.7 (0.6, 0.8) |
| Lumbar spine BMD Z score | ||
| No. | 32 | 18 |
| Median (Q1, Q3) | −2.4 (−3.1, −1.9) | −2.5 (−3.6, −2.0) |
| Whole body BMD with head, g/m2 | ||
| No. | 30 | 16 |
| Median (Q1, Q3) | 0.9 (0.8, 1.0) | 0.9 (0.8, 0.9) |
| Whole body BMD less head, g/m2 | ||
| No. | 30 | 16 |
| Median (Q1, Q3) | 0.8 (0.7, 0.9) | 0.8 (0.7, 0.8) |
| Whole body BMD with head Z score | ||
| No. | 30 | 16 |
| Median (Q1, Q3) | −2.6 (−3.3, −1.9) | −2.5 (−3.9, −1.7) |
Data are presented as no. (%) unless otherwise indicated.
Abbreviations: BMD, bone mineral density; CDC, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; HIV-1, human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Q1, first quartile; Q3, third quartile.