Table 2.
Ophthalmologic Disease | Pathologic Structures |
---|---|
Primary open angle glaucoma (oximetry)30,53 Dry and wet ARMD23 Retinitis pigmentosa23 Chronic iridocyclitis23 Stargardt's disease69 Radiation related retinopathy59 Choroidal melanoma79 ARMD and ARM33,65,66,78 | Sub-RPE deposits and peripheral drusen (autofluorescence)33,65 Flecken in Stargardt's disease, drusen in fibulin 3 deficiency and membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis type 2 versus drusen in ARMD69 Drusen in ARMD65,69 Optic nerve head drusen76 Drusen in ARMD88 |
Physiologic Findings | |
Oximetry26,36,50,51,57,58,60,76,77,87 Macular pigment (lutein and zeaxanthin)24,76,87 Cytochrome C in retinal neuron culture29 Organoid maturation in stem cells (free NADH, retinol and retinoic acid)80 Fluorophore families (as lipofuscin, melanolipofuscin) in RPE46,47 Oximetry while elevating IOP70–73 Lymphatic drainage in the eye64 Oximetry25,70,86 | |
Ocular Pathology as a Manifestation of a Systemic Disease | |
(Proliferative) Diabetic retinopathy (oximetry)32,62,77,83,89 Fibulin 3 deficiency69 Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis type 269 Diabetic macular edema68 Ischemic disease (RVO) (oximetry)82 | |
Ocular Findings in a Systemic Disease | |
Hyperbilirubinemia (oximetry)66 AD56,61,81 Diabetic ONL and reaction to erythropoietin or LCVS100143–45 AD and response to γ-GSH27 Cerebral malaria (oximetry)75 |
The listed phenomena could allegedly be differentiated from healthy individuals or were subject to oximetry alone (indicated). Animal studies are shown in italics.
ARM, age-related maculopathy; LCVS1001 and γ-GSH, compounds not otherwise specified; ONL, outer nuclear layer; RPE, retinal pigment; RVO, retinal vein occlusion.