Table 1.
Basal Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of the Interventional Study Population
| Characteristic | Placebo (n = 19) | 95% CI | Levosulpiride (n = 18) | 95% CI | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (y), mean ± SEM | 56.6 ± 1.3 | 53.9–59.3 | 57.4 ± 1.8 | 53.7–61.1 | 0.69a |
| Sex F, n (%) | 8 (42.1) | — | 8 (44.4) | — | 0.89b |
| BMI (kg/m2), mean ± SEM | 28.1 ± 1.2 | 25.6–30.5 | 26.1 ± 1.2 | 23.6–28.6 | 0.24a |
| DM2 (y), mean ± SEM | 17.5 ± 1.2 | 15.1–19.9 | 15.3 ± 1.6 | 11.9–18.6 | 0.26a |
| HbA1c (%), mean ± SEM | 7.5 ± 0.3 | 6.8–8.2 | 7.8 ± 0.4 | 6.9–8.7 | 0.55a |
| SCr (mg/dL), mean ± SEM | 1.3 ± 0.1 | 1.0–1.5 | 1.0 ± 0.08 | 0.9–1.2 | 0.08a |
| eGFR (mL/min), mean ± SEM | 64 ± 5.7 | 52–75.9 | 76.4 ± 4.5 | 66.9–85.9 | 0.09a |
| SPRL (ng/mL), mean ± SEM | 6.9 ± 0.8 | 5.2–8.6 | 9.3 ± 1.4 | 6.3–12.3 | 0.15a |
All patients had proliferative diabetic retinopathy before undergoing elective pars plana vitrectomy and oral treatment with placebo or levosulpiride. P values compare basal values of groups receiving placebo and levosulpiride. BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; DM2, type 2 diabetes mellitus; HbA1c, glycosylated hemoglobin; SCr, serum creatinine; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate (CKD-EPI equation); SPRL, serum PRL.
a
Based on Student's t-test.
b
Based on χ2 test.