Table 2. Demographic Characteristics by Caloric Restriction and Weight Change Category.
| Variable | Treatment groupa | Weight change categorya,b | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-CR (n = 583) | CR (n = 734) | Gain/stability (n = 596) | Moderate loss (n = 262) | High loss (n = 459) | |
| Age, mean (SD), y | 67.6 (5.3) | 67.7 (5.5) | 67.6 (5.3) | 67.7 (5.7) | 67.7 (5.4) |
| Sex | |||||
| Female | 399 (68.4) | 521 (71.0) | 413 (69.3) | 188 (71.8) | 319 (69.5) |
| Male | 184 (31.6) | 213 (29.0) | 183 (30.7) | 74 (28.2) | 140 (30.5) |
| Race | |||||
| White | 468 (80.3) | 574 (78.2) | 450 (75.5) | 198 (75.6) | 394 (85.8) |
| Black | 115 (19.7) | 160 (21.8) | 146 (24.5) | 64 (24.4) | 65 (14.2) |
| Educational level | |||||
| Primary/secondary only | 118 (20.2) | 137 (18.7) | 119 (20.0) | 43 (16.4) | 93 (20.3) |
| College graduate | 342 (58.7) | 438 (59.7) | 366 (61.4) | 155 (59.2) | 259 (56.4) |
| Postcollege graduate | 123 (21.1) | 159 (21.7) | 111 (18.6) | 64 (24.4) | 107 (23.3) |
| BMI, mean (SD) | 33.8 (4.7) | 34.0 (4.2) | 33.8 (4.4) | 33.9 (4.5) | 34.1 (4.4) |
| Comorbidities | |||||
| Diabetes | 89 (15.3) | 99 (13.5) | 89 (14.9) | 41 (15.6) | 58 (12.6) |
| Hypertension | 336 (57.6) | 432 (58.9) | 348 (58.4) | 156 (59.5) | 264 (57.5) |
| CVD history | 204 (35.0) | 244 (33.2) | 223 (37.4) | 84 (32.1) | 141 (30.7) |
| Physical function assessments | |||||
| Fast gait speed, m/sc | 1.23 (0.23) | 1.24 (0.22) | 1.22 (0.22) | 1.23 (0.22) | 1.26 (0.22) |
| SPPB (0-12 score)d | 10.27 (1.59) | 10.52 (1.39) | 10.34 (1.51) | 10.30 (1.60) | 10.54 (1.40) |
| DXA body composition measures, mean (SD)e | |||||
| Total fat mass, kg | 37.7 (8.7) | 38.2 (8.6) | 37.4 (8.4) | 38.1 (8.5) | 38.6 (9.0) |
| Total lean mass, kg | 53.8 (11.3 | 52.8 (11.0) | 53.7 (11.3) | 52.2 (10.4) | 53.3 (11.4) |
| Body fat, % | 40.2 (7.2) | 41.1 (7.0) | 40.2 (7.1) | 41.2 (6.7) | 41.1 (7.2) |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by square of height in meters); CVD, cardiovascular disease; DXA, dual energy x-ray absorptiometry; SPPB, short physical performance battery.
a
Unless otherwise indicated, data are expressed as number (percentage) of participants.
b
Weight gain/stability indicates less than 3% loss; moderate weight loss, 3% to 7%; high weight loss, at least 7%.
c
Includes 1245 participants.
d
Includes 853 participants. Scores range from 0 to 12, with higher scores indicating highest function.
e
Includes 360 participants.