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. 2020 Jul 25;7(8):ofaa308. doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofaa308

Table 2. .

Characteristics of Study Participants at Baseline and Causes of Death in the Swiss Hepatitis C Cohort Study; P Values From Kruskal-Wallis Rank-Sum Test for Continuous Variables and Chi-Square Test for Categorical Variables Are Shown

All
(n = 4700)
Death
(n = 478)
Death Linked
(n = 368)
Death Not Linked
(n = 110)
P Value Linked, VS Not Linked
Sex Male
Female
2901 (61.72)
1799 (38.28)
338 (70.71)
140 (29.29)
259 (70.38)
109 (29.62)
79 (71.82)
31 (28.18)
.86
Nationality Swiss
Other
Unknown
3456 (73.53)
1235 (26.28)
9 (0.19)
372 (77.82)
106 (22.18)
X
291 (79.08)
77 (20.92)
X
81 (73.64)
29 (26.36)
X
.28
Age at baseline, y 47.5 (40.6−55.1) 51.8 (44.5−60) 52 (45−60.1) 50.9 (43.3−57.2) .31
Age at death census, y 53.5 (46.4−60.5) 56 (48.5−64.7) 56.3 (50.4−65.3) 53.6 (46.1−60) .01
Time from baseline to death census, y 6.5 (2.2−9) 4 (2−6.5) 4.9 (2.9−6.8) 1.6 (0.6−3.5) <.001
Treatment at baseline No
DAA (IFN-free)
IFN-based
2910 (61.91)
33 (0.7)
1757 (37.38)
263 (55.02)
X
215 (44.98)
194 (52.72)
X
174 (47.28)
69 (62.73)
X
41 (37.27)
NA
IDU at baseline Never
Ever
Unknown
1780 (37.87)
2578 (54.85)
342 (7.28)
182 (38.08)
263 (55.02)
33 (6.9)
142 (38.59)
201 (54.62)
25 (6.79)
40 (36.36)
62 (56.36)
8 (7.27)
.78
Fibrosis score at baseline F0, F1, or F2
F3 or F4
Unknown
2538 (54)
1261 (26.83)
901 (19.17)
160 (33.47)
229 (47.91)
89 (18.62)
123 (33.42)
185 (50.27)
60 (16.3)
37 (33.64)
44 (40)
29 (26.36)
.42
Treatment status at baseline Never treated
Treated with SVR
Treated with failure
Treated, outcome unknown
2910 (61.91)
693 (14.74)
941 (20.02)
156 (3.32)
263 (55.02)
44 (9.21)
144 (30.13)
27 (5.65)
194 (52.72)
35 (9.51)
119 (32.34)
20 (5.43)
69 (62.73)
9 (8.18)
25 (22.73)
7 (6.36)
.12
BMI at baseline 24.1 (21.6−27.1) 24.9 (21.6−28.5) 24.8 (21.6−28.4) 25.7 (21.8−30.8) .26
HIV coinfection at baseline No
Yes
Unknown
3204 (68.17)
258 (5.49)
1238 (26.34)
326 (68.2)
51 (10.67)
101 (21.13)
252 (68.48)
35 (9.51)
81 (22.01)
74 (67.27)
16 (14.55)
20 (18.18)
.24
Cirrhosis at baseline No
Yes
Unknown
3259 (69.34)
828 (17.62)
613 (13.04)
213 (44.56)
207 (43.31)
58 (12.13)
165 (44.84)
163 (44.29)
40 (10.87)
48 (43.64)
44 (40)
18 (16.36)
.84
Diabetes mellitus at baseline No
Yes
Unknown
4019 (85.51)
275 (5.85)
406 (8.64)
336 (70.29)
52 (10.88)
90 (18.83)
274 (74.46)
33 (8.97)
61 (16.58)
62 (56.36)
19 (17.27)
29 (26.36)
.01
Alcohol consumption at baseline Light
Former
Heavy
Moderate
Unknown
2952 (62.81)
348 (7.4)
749 (15.94)
563 (11.98)
88 (1.87)
268 (56.07)
43 (9)
111 (23.22)
46 (9.62)
10 (2.09)
199 (54.08)
38 (10.33)
91 (24.73)
34 (9.24)
6 (1.63)
69 (62.73)
5 (4.55)
20 (18.18)
12 (10.91)
4 (3.64)
.11
Cause of death Cardiovascular
Liver cancer
Liver failure
Nonliver cancer
Other
Unnatural
33 (0.7)
89 (1.89)
114 (2.43)
72 (1.53)
59 (1.26)
65 (1.38)
33 (6.9)
89 (18.62)
114 (23.85)
72 (15.06)
59 (12.34)
65 (13.6)
26 (7.07)
84 (22.83)
99 (26.9)
65 (17.66)
41 (11.14)
53 (14.4)
7 (6.36)
5 (4.55)
15 (13.64)
7 (6.36)
18 (16.36)
12 (10.91)
NA

Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; DAA, direct-acting antiviral agent; IDU, injection drug use; IFN, interferon; SVR, sustained virologic response; VS, versus.