Table 2.
Multivariable Models of Risk Factors for Non-CP-CRE and Carbapenem-Susceptible Enterobacteriaceae Acquisitions
| Non-CP-CRE vs Uninfected | Susceptible Enterobacteriaceae vs Uninfected | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parameter | Odds Ratio (95% CI) | P Value | Odds Ratio (95% CI) | P Value |
| ICU stay in the prior 3 months | 3.3 (1.4–7.7) | .006 | ||
| Received antibiotics in preceding 3 months before eventa | 3.1 (1.0–10.3) | .05 | ||
| Chronic skin ulcersb | 11.6 (4.3–30.8) | <.001 | ||
| Impaired functional status upon admission to hospital | 3.9 (1.7–9.2) | .002 | ||
| Past MDROc in preceding 3 months before eventa | 52.3 (11.7–233.9) | <.001 | 258.3 (32.4–2058.0) | <.001 |
| Time at riskd | 0.96 (0.93–1.0) | .04 | ||
| McCabe score [39] | 2.3 (1.2–4.4) | .008 | ||
| Received cephalosporins in preceding 3 months before eventa | 0.2 (0.1–0.5) | <.001 | ||
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; CP, carbapenemase producing; CRE, carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae; ICU, intensive care unit; MDRO, multidrug-resistant organism; OR, odds ratio.
aEvent was defined as bacterial isolation for the patients who acquired non-CP-CRE or susceptible Enterobacteriaceae and as patients’ discharge date for uninfected patients.
bLower limb diabetic foot wounds, decubitus ulcers, dwelling wound surrounding PEG insertion, surgical-site wounds, surrounding catheters.
cIncludes methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus, extended-spectrum beta lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
dFor both resistant and susceptible case patients, time at risk was defined as the length of stay from admission to culture. For uninfected control patients, the time at risk was adjusted by multiplying the total length of stay by a random number between 0 and 1 (Excel; Microsoft).