Fig. 3.

Efficacy of Naloxone in Reversing Incapacitation Resulting from Inhaling Aerosolized Carfentanil. Male ferrets were exposed to aerosolized carfentanil for 20 min and then either left untreated (Naïve) or treated with a single i.m. injection of water (sham) or naloxone at 26 min post-incapacitation. The time that it took the animal to regain responsiveness (head up, responsive to external stimuli, and having controlled movements) was recorded for each animal. We observed that both treatment doses of naloxone (5 and 10 mg HED) were able to significantly reduce the amount of time an exposed animal was incapacitated (A), but there was no significant difference between Naïve and Sham. When compared to one another, there was no significant difference between the 5 mg and 10 mg dose. n = 7-8, solid bar = mean, A) * p < 0.05 one-way ANOVA vs. Naïve with Dunnett’s multiple comparison test, B) Welch’s t-test.