TABLE 3.

Variables for Risk Factor Analysis

Category	Specific Factors
Patient demographics	Age at Fontan, era
Morphologic factors	Hypoplastic left heart syndrome, heterotaxy, morphologic right ventricle
Interstage factors	Norwood procedure, primary Fontan
Pre-Fontan evaluation	Mean pulmonary artery pressure ≥15 mm Hg, systemic ventricle end-diastolic pressure ≥10 mm Hg, atrioventricular valve regurgitation ≥ moderate, ventricular dysfunction ≥ moderate
Intraoperative factors	Cardiopulmonary bypass time, cross clamp time, concomitant procedure at Fontan, type of Fontan (lateral tunnel and the others)
Post-operative factors	Chest tube drainage ≥ 2 weeks, length of hospital stay, atrioventricular valve regurgitation ≥ moderate, ventricular dysfunction ≥ moderate

Risk factors were selected from clinical experience and previous reports.