Table 1.
Features of the studies selected (N=117)
| N | % | |
|---|---|---|
| Year of the study publication | ||
| 2001-2005 | 22 | 19 |
| 2006-2010 | 19 | 16 |
| 2011-2015 | 5 | 4 |
| 2016-2020 | 71 | 61 |
| Epidemiologic design | ||
| Cross-sectional | 106 | 91 |
| Cohort study | 8 | 6 |
| Quasi-experimental | 2 | 2 |
| Case-control | 1 | 1 |
| Use of validated measures of mental health | ||
| Yes | 98 | 84 |
| No | 19 | 16 |
| Number of participantsa | 1,036 | (26 - 21,199) |
| Mental health problemsb | ||
| Anxiety | 62 | 53 |
| Depression | 54 | 46 |
| Acute stress disorder | 33 | 28 |
| Post-traumatic stress disorder | 31 | 26 |
| Mental health status (overall assessment) | 28 | 24 |
| Insomnia | 19 | 16 |
| Burnout | 12 | 10 |
| Others | 33 | 28 |
| Areab | ||
| Asia (excluding Middle East countries) | 78 | 65 |
| Northern America | 15 | 13 |
| Middle East | 14 | 12 |
| Europe | 10 | 9 |
| West Africa | 2 | 2 |
| Worlwide | 1 | 1 |
| Study timing | ||
| During outbreak | 86 | 74 |
| After outbreak | 27 | 23 |
| Both during and after outbreak | 2 | 2 |
| Prior, during and after outbreak | 1 | 1 |
| Prior outbreak onset | 1 | 1 |
| Type of health emergency | ||
| COVID-19 | 61 | 52 |
| SARS | 41 | 35 |
| MERS-COV | 7 | 6 |
| H1N1 influenza virus | 4 | 3 |
| Ebola | 3 | 3 |
| H7N9 influenza virus | 1 | 1 |
| Population | ||
| Health care workers in general | 85 | 73 |
| Nurses | 18 | 15 |
| Doctors | 14 | 12 |
| Setting | ||
| Hospital | 80 | 68 |
| Healthcare facilities in general | 16 | 14 |
| Primary Care centre | 3 | 5 |
| Non specified | 18 | 15 |
a
Mean and range.
b
Percentages exceeding 100% as categories are not mutually exclusive.