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. 2020 Aug 23;131:110643. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110643

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© 2020 The Author(s)

Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.

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Fig. 1 — Identification of entecavir and imipenem as anti-inflammatory agents. a Entecavir hydrate, entecavir and imipenem suppressed the LPS-induced TNF-α elevation by 80 % in macrophages. b Entecavir showed the strongest TNF-α inhibitory effect compared with other antiviral drugs (ribavirin, abidol, ritonavir, remdesivir and lopinavir). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 vs. entecavir. c TNF-α inhibitory effect of imipenem compared with moxifloxacin, ceftriaxone and azithromycin. d and e The dose-response curves for the TNF-α inhibitions of entecavir and imipenem exhibited IC₅₀s of 2.0 and 11 μM, respectively. f and g Cell viabilities of macrophages with entecavir and imipenem treatment at different concentrations. **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 vs. 0.3125 μM group.