Table 3.
Unadjusted and Adjusted Association Between Quit Success and Spontaneous Quit Attempts and Other Potential Confounders
| Unadjusted | Adjusted | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quit succewss, % (n) | OR (95% CI) | p | OR (95% CI) | p | BFHN | |
| Spontaneous quit attempt | ||||||
| Noa (n = 1030) | 22.7 (234) | |||||
| Yes (n = 988) | 27.7 (274) | 1.31 (1.07 to 1.60) | .010 | 1.19 (0.95 to 1.49) | .121 | 0.94c |
| Quit attempt made without cutting down first | ||||||
| Noa (n = 1032) | 14.9 (154) | |||||
| Yes (n = 986) | 35.9 (354) | 3.19 (2.58 to 3.97) | <.001 | 3.08 (2.46 to 3.88) | <.001 | >10 000d |
| Time since start of most recent quit attempt | ||||||
| Last weeka (n = 174) | 21.8 (38) | |||||
| Between a week and a month (n = 412) | 22.3 (92) | 1.03 (0.67 to 1.59) | .896 | 0.80 (0.51 to 1.28) | .352 | 0.78c |
| 1–2 months (n = 413) | 21.1 (87) | 0.96 (0.62 to 1.48) | .834 | 0.68 (0.43 to 1.08) | .100 | 2.18c |
| 2–3 months (n = 386) | 23.1 (89) | 1.07 (0.70 to 1.66) | .750 | 0.68 (0.43 to 1.09) | .105 | 2.00c |
| 3–6 months (n = 633) | 31.9 (202) | 1.68 (1.14 to 2.52) | .011 | 0.93 (0.60 to 1.44) | .727 | 0.39c |
| Number of quit attempts in past 6 months | ||||||
| Onea (n = 1403) | 29.9 (420) | |||||
| Two (n = 429) | 15.6 (67) | 0.43 (0.32 to 0.57) | <.001 | 0.45 (0.33 to 0.62) | <.001 | >10 000d |
| Three or more (n = 186) | 11.3 (21) | 0.30 (0.18 to 0.47) | <.001 | 0.32 (0.19 to 0.51) | <.001 | 6678d |
| Strength of urges | ||||||
| Nonea (n = 154) | 30.5 (47) | |||||
| Slight (n = 272) | 36.8 (100) | 1.32 (0.87 to 2.03) | .193 | 1.27 (0.81 to 2.01) | .306 | 0.86c |
| Moderate (n = 944) | 24.6 (232) | 0.74 (0.51 to 1.09) | .117 | 0.80 (0.54 to 1.21) | .290 | 0.81c |
| Strong (n = 468) | 19.4 (91) | 0.55 (0.36 to 0.83) | .004 | 0.59 (0.37 to 0.93) | .022 | 5.68d |
| Very strong (n = 135) | 20.7 (28) | 0.60 (0.34 to 1.02) | .060 | 0.71 (0.39 to 1.28) | .257 | 1.16c |
| Extremely strong (n = 45) | 22.2 (10) | 0.65 (0.28 to 1.38) | .281 | 0.88 (0.36 to 2.04) | .777 | 0.66c |
| Daily cigarette consumption | n/a | 0.79 (0.70 to 0.88) | <.001 | 0.82 (0.71 to 0.93) | .003 | 11.44d |
| Use of evidence-based aids during quit attempt | ||||||
| Yesa (n = 1178) | 25.1 (296) | |||||
| No (n = 840) | 25.2 (212) | 1.01 (0.82 to 1.23) | .955 | 0.82 (0.65 to 1.03) | .085 | 1.25c |
| Age | ||||||
| 16–24a (n = 225) | 23.6 (53) | |||||
| 25–34 (n = 315) | 28.6 (90) | 1.30 (0.88 to 1.93) | .193 | 1.37 (0.90 to 2.10) | .151 | 1.36c |
| 35–44 (n = 415) | 24.3 (101) | 1.04 (0.72 to 1.53) | .825 | 1.17 (0.77 to 1.78) | .460 | 0.58c |
| 45–54 (n = 415) | 27.5 (114) | 1.23 (0.85 to 1.80) | .282 | 1.35 (0.90 to 2.06) | .153 | 1.35c |
| 55–64 (n = 360) | 25.0 (90) | 1.08 (0.73 to 1.60) | .693 | 1.37 (0.90 to 2.11) | .147 | 1.36c |
| ≥65 (n = 288) | 20.8 (60) | 0.85 (0.56 to 1.30) | .461 | 0.98 (0.62 to 1.55) | .923 | 0.34c |
| Sex | ||||||
| Femalea (n = 1100) | 23.0 (253) | |||||
| Male (n = 918) | 27.8 (255) | 1.29 (1.05 to 1.58) | .014 | 1.44 (1.16 to 1.80) | .001 | 58.35d |
| Social grade | ||||||
| ABa (n = 260) | 30.0 (78) | |||||
| C1 (n = 465) | 31.8 (148) | 1.09 (0.79 to 1.52) | .610 | 1.10 (0.77 to 1.57) | .615 | 0.41c |
| C2 (n = 438) | 25.8 (113) | 0.81 (0.58 to 1.14) | .229 | 0.92 (0.64 to 1.33) | .650 | 0.38c |
| D (n = 349) | 23.5 (82) | 0.72 (0.50 to 1.03) | .072 | 0.84 (0.57 to 1.24) | .384 | 0.61c |
| E (n = 506) | 17.2 (87) | 0.48 (0.34 to 0.69) | <.001 | 0.65 (0.45 to 0.96) | .030 | 5.65d |
| Survey year | 1.14 (1.04 to 1.26) | .008 | 1.08 (0.96 to 1.20) | .191 | 0.38c | |
| Survey month (continuous) | 1.10 (0.99 to 1.22) | .068 | 1.14 (1.02 to 1.27) | .020 | 1.75c | |
BF = Bayes factor; CI = confidence interval; OR = odds ratio.
aReference level.
bEvidence for the null hypothesis.
cData are insensitive to detect an effect.
dEvidence for the alternative hypothesis.