Table 3.
Odds Ratios for Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Association With Gastric Atrophy, Defined by Pepsinogen I Values of <55 μg/L, and Helicobacter pylori Seropositivity in a Case-Control Study, Taixing, China, 2010–2014
| Variable | Controls | Cases | Age/Sex-Adjusted b | Fully Adjusted (Except MFT and Toothbrushing) c | Fully Adjusted d | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. a | % | No. a | % | OR | 95% CI | P Value | OR | 95% CI | P Value | OR | 95% CI | P Value | |
| PGI, μg/L | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||||||||
| ≥55 | 1,592 | 83.3 | 841 | 75.1 | 1.00 | Referent | 1.00 | Referent | 1.00 | Referent | |||
| <55 | 319 | 16.7 | 279 | 24.9 | 1.60 | 1.34, 1.90 | 1.63 | 1.35, 1.97 | 1.61 | 1.33, 1.96 | |||
| H. pylori serostatus | 0.215 | 0.211 | 0.248 | ||||||||||
| Negative | 622 | 32.5 | 340 | 30.3 | 1.00 | Referent | 1.00 | Referent | 1.00 | Referent | |||
| Positive | 1,291 | 67.5 | 782 | 69.7 | 1.10 | 0.95, 1.29 | 1.11 | 0.94, 1.32 | 1.11 | 0.93, 1.31 | |||
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; MFT, missing and filled teeth; OR, odds ratio; PGI, pepsinogen I.
a Complete observations in the full model.
b Adjusted for age (continuous) and sex.
c Adjusted for age (continuous), sex, education, marital status, occupation, family wealth score, body mass index 10 years prior, tea drinking, history of esophageal cancer among first-degree relatives, smoking status, alcohol drinking status, and H. pylori serostatus (except age, all other variables are categorized as in Table 1).
d Additionally adjusted for sum of missing and filled teeth and frequency of toothbrushing per day.