Table 2.
Laboratory and radiographic findings of COVID-19 patients
| Median (IQR) (%) Disease severity |
Median (IQR) (%) ICU care |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All patients | Non-severe | Severe | P value | Non-ICU | ICU | P value | |
| (n = 134) | (n = 122) | (n = 12) | (n = 129) | (n = 5) | |||
| Laboratory findings | |||||||
| White blood cell count (× 109/L) | 5.0 (4.2–6.0) | 5.0 (4.2–5.9) | 5.8 (4.2–7.3) | 0.002 | 5.0 (4.2–6.0) | 4.7 (3.7–5.1) | 0.786 |
| Neutrophil count (× 109/L) | 3.0 (2.5–4.1) | 3.0 (2.5–3.9) | 3.4 (2.7–6.8) | < 0.001 | 3.0 (2.5–4.0) | 3.2 (2.6–4.5) | 0.767 |
| Lymphocyte count (× 109/L) | 1.2 (0.9–1.7) | 1.2 (0.9–1.7) | 0.8 (0.6–1.3) | 0.025 | 1.2 (0.9–1.7) | 0.7 (0.5–0.9) | 0.02 |
| Platelet count (× 109/L) | 184.0 (142.0–236.0) | 184.0 (145.2–236.0) | 184.0 (124.5–221.8) | 0.327 | 185.0 (145.0–236.0) | 148.0 (111.0–201.0) | 0.359 |
| Hemoglobin (g/L) | 130.3 (120.7–144.8) | 130.1 (120.7–143.8) | 138.0 (120.0–146.5) | 0.817 | 130.0 (120.6–145.0) | 139.0 (134.0–142.0) | 0.938 |
| Activated partial thromboplastin time (s) | 31.6 (28.2–36.4) | 31.6 (28.3–36.6) | 30.6 (28.1–33.2) | 0.651 | 31.7 (28.3–36.5) | 29.7 (24.5–29.8) | 0.172 |
| Prothrombin time (s) | 12.2 (10.5–13.7) | 11.9 (10.4–13.6) | 13.4 (12.1–14.1) | 0.056 | 12.1 (10.5–13.7) | 12.4 (12.3–12.6) | 0.399 |
| D-dimer (mg/L) | 0.3 (0.2–0.5) | 0.3 (0.2–0.5) | 0.2 (0.1–0.2) | 0.378 | 0.3 (0.2–0.5) | (61) () (−) | |
| Albumin (g/L) | 40.5 (37.8–44.3) | 40.9 (38.1–44.4) | 38.0 (35.7–39.0) | 0.007 | 40.6 (38.0–44.4) | 37.4 (36.0–38.3) | 0.035 |
| Alanine aminotransferase (U/L) | 21.0 (11.8–33.0) | 21.0 (11.5–33.0) | 23.5 (14.8–31.2) | 0.028 | (128) 28.5 (29.7) 21.0 (11.7–32.2) | 29.0 (22.0–38.0) | 0.094 |
| Aspartate aminotransferase (U/L) | 22.0 (17.0–31.8) | 21.2 (17.0–31.0) | 30.0 (16.0–48.5) | < 0.001 | 21.6 (16.9–31.0) | 40.0 (25.0–62.0) | < 0.001 |
| Sodium (mmol/L) | 140.2 (138.9–141.6) | 140.2 (138.9–141.6) | 139.5 (138.2–141.4) | 0.001 | 140.2 (139.0–141.7) | 139.0 (135.6–140.0) | < 0.001 |
| Procalcitonin (ng/mL) | 0.1 (0.1–0.2) | 0.1 (0.1–0.2) | 0.2 (0.1–0.2) | 0.154 | 0.1 (0.1–0.2) | 0.2 (0.2–0.2) | 0.393 |
| Total bilirubin (mmol/L) | 11.6 (7.9–15.7) | 11.6 (7.7–15.7) | 10.8 (8.1–16.5) | 0.805 | 11.8 (8.0–15.7) | 7.9 (7.4–8.2) | 0.185 |
| Potassium (mmol/L) | 4.1 (3.8–4.4) | 4.0 (3.8–4.4) | 4.3 (3.7–4.6) | 0.001 | 4.1 (3.8–4.4) | 4.4 (3.7–4.9) | < 0.001 |
| Blood urea nitrogen (mmol/L) | 4.2 (3.3–5.0) | 4.0 (3.3–4.9) | 5.4 (4.4–7.0) | 0.005 | 4.2 (3.3–5.0) | 5.3 (3.4–6.8) | 0.279 |
| Creatine kinase (U/L) | 70.6 (45.1–105.6) | 70.6 (45.1–93.5) | 96.0 (49.2–178.2) | 0.315 | 71.0 (45.0–101.4) | 65.0 (62.0–233.0) | 0.648 |
| Fasting glucose (mmol/L) | 5.8 (5.2–6.8) | 5.8 (5.2–6.7) | 6.0 (5.6–11.5) | < 0.001 | 5.7 (5.2–6.7) | 6.8 (6.1–17.4) | < 0.001 |
| C-reactive protein (mg/L) | 8.9 (1.8–25.4) | 7.6 (1.6–19.2) | 34.0 (17.4–69.2) | < 0.001 | 7.9 (1.6–22.3) | 37.0 (34.0–66.3) | 0.009 |
| Serum ferritin (μg/L) | 16.3 (13.6–20.4) | 16.5 (13.5–20.4) | 14.4 (14.4–14.4) | 0.736 | 16.3 (13.6–20.4) | (53) () (–) | |
| Lactate dehydrogenase (U/L) | 192.0 (153.7–237.5) | 186.5 (152.4–232.2) | 327.0 (184.8–401.8) | < 0.001 | 189.9 (153.5–236.0) | 464.0 (181.0–498.0) | 0.001 |
| Creatinine (μmol/L) | 63.2 (55.6–80.0) | 63.0 (55.6–76.7) | 75.5 (60.0–93.8) | 0.172 | 63.0 (55.3–76.9) | 85.0 (81.5–99.0) | 0.012 |
| Radiologic findings | |||||||
| Abnormalities on chest CT (%) | 93 (69.4) | 88 (72.1) | 10 (83.3) | < 0.001 | 90 (69.8) | 4 (80.0) | < 0.001 |
| Ground-glass opacity (%) | 67 (50.0) | 58(47.5) | 6 (50.0) | 0.021 | 58 (45.0) | 3 (60.0) | 0.042 |
| Local patchy shadowing (%) | 48 (35.8) | 41 (33.6) | 6 (50.0) | < 0.001 | 38 (30.1) | 2 (40.0) | 0.03 |
| Bilateral patchy shadowing (%) | 58 (43.3) | 46 (37.7) | 9 (75.0) | < 0.001 | 46 (35.7) | 3 (60.0) | 0.02 |
| Interstitial abnormalities (%) | 17 (12.7) | 13 (10.7) | 3 (25.0) | < 0.001 | 15 (11.6) | 1 (20.0) | < 0.001 |
IQR interquartile range, ICU intensive care units