Table 1.

Potential savings as a result of biosimilar introduction within the EU

References	Country	Therapy area	Biosimilars	Model	Projected saving	Additional patients treated
Aladul et al. [125]	UK	Rheumatology Gastroenterology	Adalimumab Etanercept Infliximab	Budget impact model using retrospective market shares of biologics in rheumatology and gastroenterology	£44 million over next 3 years
Jha et al. [126]	Belgium Germany Italy Netherlands UK	Rheumatology Gastroenterology Dermatology	Infliximab	Budget impact model with a 1-year time horizon	€25.79–77.37 million depending on country and price discount	1960–7561 across all five countries
Brodszky et al. [127]	Bulgaria Czech Republic Hungary Poland Romania Slovakia	Crohn’s disease	Infliximab	3-year, prevalence-based budget impact analysis	Scenario 1: interchanging not allowed: €8 million Scenario 2: interchanging allowed in 80% patients: ca. €17 million
Lee et al. [128]	28 EU countries*	Breast cancer Gastric cancer	Trastuzumab	Budget impact model with time horizon of 1–5 years	€0.91–2.27 billion over 5 years depending on scenario In the first year only budget savings ranged from €58 million to €136 million	3503–7078
Gulacsi et al. [129]	28 EU countries*	Rheumatology Cancer	Rituximab	3-year base-case scenario	Base-case scenario (biosimilar uptake 30%, cost 70% of originator): €90 million Second scenario (biosimilar uptake 50%): €150 million	Over 3 years projected budget savings were €570 million equating to 47,695 additional patients able to access rituximab

*Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, UK