Table 5. Fraction of clinically-attended, antibiotic-treated diarrhea contributed by dysenteric and non-dysenteric shigellosis.
| Outcome | Setting | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| The Gambia | Mali | Mozambique | India | Bangladesh | Pakistan | All (excl. Kenya)1 | |
| Age 6 weeks to 11 months | |||||||
| Dysenteric (MSD only) | 1.3 (0.5, 3.4) | 0.3 (0.0, 1.6) | 0.4 (0.0, 1.7) | 1.2 (0.3, 2.4) | 8.4 (2.1, 16.6) | 12.0 (5.5, 22.4) | 2.3 (1.3, 3.6) |
| Non-dysenteric (MSD and LSD) | 1.2 (0.5, 3.0) | 2.6 (1.0, 5.7) | 0.4 (0.0, 3.7) | 2.1 (0.0, 5.1) | 0.4 (0.0, 1.2) | 0.0 (0.0, 14.2) | 1.3 (0.4, 3.3) |
| All Shigella-attributable cases | 2.6 (1.0, 5.8) | 3.0 (1.1, 6.5) | 0.9 (0.0, 4.5) | 3.2 (0.5, 6.6) | 8.8 (2.2, 17.5) | 13.2 (5.6, 29.0) | 3.7 (2.0, 6.1) |
| Age 12 to 23 months | |||||||
| Dysenteric (MSD only) | 5.9 (2.7, 11.4) | 2.2 (0.6, 4.3) | 6.5 (2.3, 16.1) | 4.0 (2.2, 6.5) | 28.7 (10.1, 52.3) | 19.1 (7.8, 37.2) | 7.9 (5.1, 11.9) |
| Non-dysenteric (MSD and LSD) | 14.2 (7.9, 21.1) | 19.1 (7.0, 31.4) | 14.5 (6.4, 23.0) | 14.4 (8.7, 19.5) | 9.1 (4.7, 17.6) | 35.3 (2.8, 77.5) | 15.3 (11.4, 20.4) |
| All Shigella-attributable cases | 20.2 (12.0, 29.5) | 21.4 (7.8, 34.9) | 21.3 (10.4, 35.1) | 18.5 (11.8, 24.6) | 38.9 (20.2, 59.7) | 55.4 (21.9, 92.7) | 23.4 (17.9, 29.7) |
| Age 24 to 59 months | |||||||
| Dysenteric (MSD only) | 6.8 (2.6, 14.4) | 2.0 (0.3, 5.0) | 9.4 (1.2, 30.9) | 6.5 (1.6, 12.9) | 58.7 (10.0, 79.8) | 18.8 (6.4, 39.0) | 10.9 (5.6, 21.0) |
| Non-dysenteric (MSD and LSD) | 17.2 (9.0, 27.4) | 8.9 (1.4, 19.3) | 16.9 (5.7, 31.4) | 8.3 (2.6, 15.0) | 17.3 (6.8, 51.8) | 0.8 (0.2, 2.1) | 12.2 (7.3, 20.1) |
| All Shigella-attributable cases | 24.7 (14.5, 35.1) | 11.0 (1.7, 23.6) | 28.2 (10.3, 48.4) | 14.9 (4.6, 27.1) | 78.4 (46.6, 87.7) | 19.6 (6.6, 40.8) | 23.7 (15.3, 34.2) |
| Age 6 weeks to 59 months | |||||||
| Dysenteric (MSD only) | 3.8 (2.2, 6.5) | 1.3 (0.5, 2.5) | 4.1 (1.6, 9.4) | 3.5 (2.0, 6.2) | 22.0 (8.8, 41.2) | 15.5 (9.4, 24.2) | 6.1 (4.3, 8.6) |
| Non-dysenteric (MSD and LSD) | 8.5 (5.0, 13.3) | 8.9 (4.3, 14.8) | 8.7 (3.4, 16.4) | 8.0 (5.0, 11.4) | 6.8 (2.4, 19.8) | 12.1 (1.6, 33.2) | 8.6 (6.4, 11.6) |
| All Shigella-attributable cases | 12.5 (7.9, 18.4) | 10.3 (5.1, 16.9) | 13.3 (6.0, 23.2) | 11.6 (7.5, 16.7) | 30.5 (13.5, 49.0) | 28.6 (15.5, 48.6) | 14.9 (11.4, 18.9) |
Abbreviations: MSD: moderate-to-severe diarrhea; LSD: less-severe diarrhea.
Estimates are presented as the adjusted fractions (%) of all age-specific clinically-attended, antibiotic-treated cases associated with antibiotic-treated, Shigella-attributable dysentery and Shigella-attributable, non-dysenteric diarrhea, together with 95% confidence intervals (as in Table 2 and Table 3). Estimated incidence rates exclude diarrhea cases receiving antibiotics who were also diagnosed with pneumonia/lower respiratory tract infection, meningitis or other invasive disease, or typhoid, as these conditions warrant antibiotic treatment irrespective of diarrhea symptoms.
1. Aggregated estimates across sites weight individual cases so that each site receives equal weight within each age.