Table 1. Characteristics of therapeutic groups.
| Trial intervention | Trial registry entries | Recruitment ongoing | Recruitment completed | Disease specification | Continents | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prevention | Diagnosed/suspected COVID | Mild/moderate symptoms | Hospitalized/ severe/ ICU | Asia | Europe | North America | South America | Africa | ||||
| n | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | |
| All trials | 1,303 | 708 (54%) | 110 (8%) | 160 (12%) | 275 (21%) | 203 (16%) | 665 (51%) | 556 (43%) | 313 (24%) | 290 (22%) | 54 (4%) | 48 (4%) |
| Unconventional medicine | 167 | 76 (46%) | 30 (18%) | 13 (8%) | 90 (54%) | 25 (15%) | 39 (23%) | 158 (95%) | 2 (1%) | 1 (1%) | 2 (1%) | 3 (2%) |
| Antimalarial drugs | 118 | 64 (54%) | 7 (6%) | 61 (52%) | 21 (18%) | 17 (14%) | 19 (16%) | 43 (36%) | 26 (22%) | 32 (27%) | 6 (5%) | 6 (5%) |
| Antiviral drugs | 100 | 51 (51%) | 13 (13%) | 9 (9%) | 21 (21%) | 27 (27%) | 43 (43%) | 56 (56%) | 10 (10%) | 14 (14%) | 8 (8%) | 8 (8%) |
| Antimalarial and antibiotics/antiviral drugs in comparison or combination | 46 | 23 (50%) | 3 (7%) | 6 (13%) | 4 (9%) | 10 (22%) | 26 (57%) | 15 (33%) | 13 (28%) | 11 (24%) | 3 (7%) | 3 (7%) |
| Antibodies | 82 | 50 (61%) | 7 (9%) | 2 (2%) | 5 (6%) | 8 (10%) | 67 (82%) | 28 (34%) | 13 (16%) | 29 (35%) | 9 (11%) | 2 (2%) |
| Anti-IL-6 | 33 | 26 (79%) | - | - | 2 (6%) | 5 (15%) | 26 (79%) | 3 (9%) | 16 (48%) | 10 (30%) | 1 (3%) | 1 (3%) |
| Other immunotherapeutic drugs | 151 | 93 (62%) | 4 (3%) | 5 (3%) | 22 (15%) | 18 (12%) | 106 (70%) | 43 (28%) | 46 (30%) | 49 (32%) | 2 (1%) | 2 (1%) |
| Respiratory adjuncts (inhaled, ventilator-related and gas-therapy) | 78 | 43 (55%) | 4 (5%) | 1 (1%) | 11 (14%) | 11 (14%) | 55 (71%) | 20 (26%) | 27 (35%) | 30 (38%) | - | - |
| Dietary supplements | 63 | 26 (41%) | 12 (19%) | 7 (11%) | 15 (24%) | 11 (17%) | 30 (48%) | 32 (51%) | 13 (21%) | 9 (14%) | 2 (3%) | 5 (8%) |
| Stem cells | 51 | 24 (47%) | 3 (6%) | 1 (2%) | 7 (14%) | 2 (4%) | 41 (80%) | 25 (49%) | 10 (20%) | 10 (20%) | 2 (4%) | 1 (2%) |
| Vaccine | 49 | 27 (55%) | - | 44 (90%) | 3 (6%) | 1 (2%) | 1 (2%) | 15 (31%) | 15 (31%) | 7 (14%) | 2 (4%) | 5 (10%) |
| Anti-inflammatory drugs | 45 | 31 (69%) | 4 (9%) | - | 14 (31%) | 6 (13%) | 25 (56%) | 20 (44%) | 14 (31%) | 10 (22%) | - | - |
| Glucocorticoids | 34 | 18 (53%) | 5 (15%) | - | 5 (15%) | 8 (24%) | 21 (62%) | 12 (35%) | 15 (44%) | 4 (12%) | 3 (9%) | - |
| Anticoagulants | 32 | 20 (63%) | - | - | 3 (9%) | 5 (16%) | 24 (75%) | 5 (16%) | 11 (34%) | 11 (34%) | 3 (9%) | - |
| Antihypertensives | 26 | 16 (62%) | 1 (4%) | 1 (4%) | 6 (23%) | 3 (12%) | 16 (62%) | 3 (12%) | 9 (35%) | 8 (31%) | 2 (8%) | 2 (8%) |
| Antibiotics/antifungal drugs | 27 | 13 (48%) | 4 (15%) | 1 (4%) | 9 (33%) | 6 (22%) | 11 (41%) | 8 (30%) | 10 (37%) | 7 (26%) | 1 (4%) | 1 (4%) |
| Other drug combinations | 79 | 46 (58%) | 5 (6%) | 3 (4%) | 17 (22%) | 18 (23%) | 41 (52%) | 26 (33%) | 32 (41%) | 9 (11%) | 3 (4%) | 7 (9%) |
| Other drugs | 122 | 61 (50%) | 8 (7%) | 6 (5%) | 20 (16%) | 22 (18%) | 74 (61%) | 44 (36%) | 31 (25%) | 39 (32%) | 5 (4%) | 2 (2%) |