Table 1.
Diagnostic and clinical characteristics of patients with MS
| Characteristic | Frequency | (%) | Exposure to misoprostol # (%) | No exposure to misoprostol # (%) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 140 | n = 64 | n = 76 | |||
| Gender | |||||
| Masculine | 83 | (59.29) | 43 (67.19) | 40 (52.63) | .081 |
| Feminine | 57 | (40.71) | 21 (32.81) | 36 (47.37) | |
| Facial paralysis (VII PC) | |||||
| Bilateral | 112 | (80.8) | 53 (82.81) | 59 (77.63) | .445 |
| Unilateral | 28 | (19.2) | 11 (17.19) | 17 (22.37) | .445 |
| Abducens paralysis (VI PC) | |||||
| Bilateral | 140 | (100) | 64 (100) | 76 (100) | — |
| Orofacial anomaliesa | 138 | (98.57) | 63 (98.44) | 75 (98.68) | .707 |
| Paralysis of other cranial nerves (PCs) | 128 | (91.43) | 56 (87.50) | 72 (94.74) | .128 |
| Telecanthus | 127 | (90.71) | 61 (95.31) | 66 (86.84) | .085 |
| High‐arched palate | 101 | (72.14) | 46 (71.88) | 55 (72.37) | .948 |
| Fissured tongue | 100 | (71.43) | 44 (68.75) | 56 (73.68) | .520 |
| Tongue atrophy/hypoplasia | 99 | (70.71) | 44 (68.75) | 55 (72.37) | .639 |
| Retrognathia | 74 | (52.86) | 38 (59.38) | 36 (47.37) | .156 |
| Lip hypoplasia | 71 | (50.71) | 27 (42.19) | 44 (57.89) | .064 |
| Micrognathia | 60 | (42.86) | 26 (40.63) | 34 (44.74) | .624 |
| Open mouth | 54 | (38.57) | 25 (39.06) | 29 (38.84) | .913 |
| Excessive dribbling | 29 | (20.71) | 16 (25.00) | 13 (17.11) | .251 |
| Microtia | 24 | (17.14) | 12 (18.75) | 12 (15.79) | .643 |
| Cleft palate | 21 | (15.00) | 9 (14.06) | 12 (15.79) | .776 |
| Lingual frenulum | 14 | (10.00) | 7 (10.94) | 7 (9.21) | .734 |
| Bifid uvula | 14 | (10.00) | 9 (14.06) | 5 (6.58) | .141 |
| Absence of external auditory canal | 5 | (3.57) | 1 (1.56) | 4 (5.26) | .240 |
| Prognathisma | 3 | (2.14) | 1 (1.56) | 2 (2.63) | .565 |
| Apophysis auricular region | 2 | (1.43) | 1 (1.56) | 1 (1.32) | .902 |
| Sucking disorders | 134 | (95.71) | 61 (95.31) | 73 (96.05) | .575 |
| Language development disordersb | 112 | (80.8) | 56 (87.50) | 56 (73.68) | .138 |
| Swallowing disorders | 110 | (78.57) | 51 (79.69) | 59 (77.63) | .768 |
| Hypotonia | 99 | (70.71) | 44 (68.75) | 55 (72.37) | .639 |
| Oxygen requirement at birth | 82 | (58.57) | 39 (60.94) | 43 (56.58) | .602 |
| History of pneumonia (up to 2 y) | 75 | (53.57) | 36 (56.25) | 39 (51.32) | .560 |
| History of apnea | 46 | (32.86) | 17 (26.56) | 29 (38.16) | .146 |
| Use of nasogastric tube | 44 | (31.43) | 18 (28.13) | 26 (34.21) | .440 |
| Gastrostomy | 22 | (15.71) | 7 (10.94) | 15 (19.74) | .154 |
Abbreviation: MS, Moebius syndrome.
a
Fisher's exact test.
b
Four patients excluded.