Table 4—
Regression Results for One-Year Medicare Spending and Quality: Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients, 2007–2010
| 1-year medical expenditure (1) | ln 1-year medical expenditure (2) | 1-year medical expenditure (3) | ln 1-year medical expenditure (4) | 1-year survival (5) | Fraction with same-day PCI (6) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cowboy physician share | 7,644 (1,720) | 0.142 (0.034) | 10,870 (2,419) | 0.196 (0.044) | 0.006 (0.008) | 0.016 (0.019) |
| Comforter physician share | −2,911 (1,137) | −0.050 (0.021) | −3,019 (1,350) | −0.046 (0.024) | 0.009 (0.007) | −0.008 (0.016) |
| High follow-up physician share | 16,560 (2,530) | 0.270 (0.046) | 22,310 (3,215) | 0.360 (0.051) | −0.009 (0.013) | −0.063 (0.027) |
| Low follow-up physician share | −3,269 (2,855) | −0.084 (0.055) | −4,148 (3,463) | −0.115 (0.058) | 0.015 (0.015) | 0.089 (0.032) |
| HCC (second quintile) | 5,297 (195.4) | 0.106 (0.003) | 5,423 (251.6) | 0.108 (0.004) | −0.044 (0.002) | −0.027 (0.002) |
| HCC (third quintile) | 8,535 (227.5) | 0.176 (0.004) | 9,098 (353.4) | 0.187 (0.007) | −0.092 (0.002) | −0.053 (0.002) |
| HCC (fourth quintile) | 11,660 (285.7) | 0.242 (0.005) | 12,180 (539.9) | 0.252 (0.010) | −0.149 (0.003) | −0.084 (0.002) |
| HCC (highest quintile) | 19,280 (506.7) | 0.347 (0.008) | 20,460 (934.3) | 0.365 (0.015) | −0.258 (0.003) | −0.123 (0.003) |
| Black | 4,823 (531.3) | 0.052 (0.009) | 4,543 (731.8) | 0.046 (0.010) | −0.020 (0.003) | −0.039 (0.004) |
| Hispanic | 4,921 (1,175) | 0.079 (0.024) | 4,770 (1,264) | 0.080 (0.028) | 0.016 (0.005) | −0.005 (0.005) |
| Asian | 1,385 (1,141) | −0.010 (0.023) | 858.5 (1,399.3) | −0.017 (0.026) | −0.005 (0.007) | −0.023 (0.011) |
| Income (second quintile) | −233.9 (342.2) | −0.007 (0.006) | −405.1 (591.6) | −0.007 (0.009) | 0.010 (0.002) | 0.007 (0.004) |
| Income (third quintile) | −286.0 (326.2) | −0.009 (0.006) | −455.5 (552.3) | −0.012 (0.008) | 0.012 (0.002) | 0.009 (0.004) |
| Income (fourth quintile) | 160.0 (399.2) | −0.002 (0.008) | −363.8 (605.3) | −0.007 (0.011) | 0.016 (0.002) | 0.016 (0.005) |
| Income (highest quintile) | 320.1 (500.8) | 0.007 (0.009) | −678.7 (754.1) | −0.007 (0.013) | 0.030 (0.003) | 0.020 (0.006) |
| Observations | 560,392 | 560,392 | 560,392 | 560,392 | 560,392 | 560,392 |
| R2 | 0.070 | 0.075 | 0.075 | 0.082 | — | — |
Notes: These results are based on a 100 percent sample of fee-for-service Medicare enrollees, 2007–2010 with mortality follow-up through 2011. Columns 1 and 2 are unweighted and columns 3 and 4 are weighted by the number of physician respondents included in the sample. All results are for the 137 HRRs sample, with risk adjustment measures included but not reported for the following: age (65–69, 70–74, 75–79, 80–84, 85+), fully interacted with sex, vascular disease, pulmonary disease, dementia, diabetes, liver failure, renal failure, cancer, plegia (stroke), rheumatologic disease, HIV, and location of the AMI: anterolateral, inferolateral, inferoposterior, all other inferior, true posterior walls, or subendocardial, other site, or not otherwise specified. All models include year fixed effects. Reported coefficients in columns 5 and 6 are marginal effects from probit regressions.