Table 3.
Clinically available non-invasive CRC screening tools
| Screening tool | Sample | Detection target | Specificity, % (95% CI) [Ref.] | Sensitivity, % (95% CI) [Ref.] | Advanced adenoma sensitivity, % (95% CI) [Ref.] | Cost, USD [Ref.] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| mSEPT9 (Epi proColon) | Serum | SEPT9 DNA methylation | 92 (89−94) [70] |
71 (67−75) [70] |
11.2 (7.2−15.7) [71] |
273−445 [71] |
| mt-sDNA (Cologuard) | Faeces | NDRG4 and BMP3 DNA methylation, KRAS mutations and haemoglobin | 89.8 (88.9−90.7) [72] |
92.3 (83−97.5) [72] |
42.4 (38.9−46) [72] |
492.72 [73] |
| FIT | Faeces | Haemoglobin | 90* [74] |
78* [74] |
39* [74] |
20−21.65 [73, 75] |
| gFOBT | Faeces | Haemoglobin | 90.0 (84.2−93.8) [76] |
62.6 (34.9−83.9) [76] |
− | 3.31−5 [71, 75] |
*
No 95% CI reported from the meta-analysis. 95% CI, 95% confidence interval; gFOBT, guaiac faecal occult blood test; FIT, faecal immunochemical test; mt-sDNA, multi-target stool DNA test; mSEPT9, plasma SEPT9 DNA methylation test.