Table 9.

Long-term objectives in daylight research.

Laboratory and field studies	Do prospective longitudinal and multicentre studies using the established SOPs under field and laboratory conditions in a sufficiently large sample, performed in both males and females.
Combined day- and electric light interventions	Compare light interventions with daylight exposure, and not only electric light OR daylight but also the (dynamic) mixture of both should be studied, since this is the norm. Additionally, a suitable scheduled length of daily light exposure (daily accumulation) requires monitoring over a long duration (chronic/seasonal light exposure).
Guidelines/recommendations for research and clinical studies	Propose guidelines/recommendations on how to set-up daylight research studies and clinical trials with daylight interventions.
Guidelines/recommendations for short- and long-term interventions	Propose guidelines/recommendations on how to measure/monitor daylight interventions and related physiological and behavioural outcomes over time.
Tools for inter-individual differences and circadian phase	Develop reliable tools to assess inter-individual differences and internal circadian phase for users and practitioners.
Instruments for light monitoring in the field	Further validate instruments which monitor individual light and colour perception/preferences under daylight conditions in the field.
Daylight recommendations for task and biological requirements	Develop daylight recommendations, which relate to both task requirements and physiological/psychological aspects.
Education	Educate professionals, government policy makers, and the public in ‘light hygiene’ e.g., sufficient vs. inadequate vs. too much daylight exposure.
Architecture/building science	Early stage planning of building/window positioning optimised for better daylight exposure and spatial-temporal modulation. Develop real mixed electric light/daylight simulation tools. Multimodal approach for optimised light exposure, heat emission, noise, air quality.
Database	Create an open access daylight database (wiki/online depository).
Modelling	Develop mathematical models that help predict biologically appropriate daylight exposure (e.g., characteristics such as timing, dose, spectral composition and light exposure pattern) for promoting circadian entrainment, sleep, performance and health in addition to the required standards for visual function at the level of the individual as well as in different populations.