. 2020 Aug 24;13:428. doi: 10.1186/s13071-020-04272-2

Table 1.

Primer sets used for DNA amplification and sequencing of ticks and tick-borne pathogens in ticks and camels from north-western Nigeria

Target	Method	Gene target	Primer sequence (5′-3′)	Product size (bp)	Positive control (DNA) from ticks	Reference
Tick identification	PCR	12S rRNA	T1B: AAACTAGGATTAGATACCCT	360	Hyalomma dromedarii	[35]
Tick identification	PCR	12S rRNA	T2A: AATGAGAGCGACGGGCGATGT	360	Hyalomma dromedarii	[35]
Tick identification	PCR	16S rRNA	16S + 1: CTGCTCAATGATTTTTTAAATTGCTGTGG	456	H. dromedarii	[36]
Tick identification	PCR	16S rRNA	16S − 1: CCGGTCTGAACTCAGATCAAGTA	456	H. dromedarii	[36]
Tick identification	PCR	cox1	Cox1F: GGAACAATATATTTAATTTTTGG	360	H. dromedarii	[37]
Tick identification	PCR	cox1	Cox1R: ATCTATCCCTACTGTAAATATATG	360	H. dromedarii	[37]
Rickettsia spp.	PCR	gltA	Rsfg877: GGGGGCCTGCTCACGGCGG	381	Rickettsia helvetica	[38]
Rickettsia spp.	PCR	gltA	Rfsg1258: ATTGCAAAAAGTACAGTGAACA	381	Rickettsia helvetica	[38]
Rickettsia spp.	PCR	ompA	Rr190.70p: ATGGCGAATATTTCTCCAAAA	631	R. helvetica	[39]
Rickettsia spp.	PCR	ompA	Rr190.701n: GTTCCGTTAATGGCAGCATCT	631	R. helvetica	[39]
Rickettsia spp.	PCR	ompB	120–2788: AAACAATAATCAAGGTACTGT	765	R. helvetica	[40]
Rickettsia spp.	PCR	ompB	120–3599: TACTTCCGGTTACAGCAAAGT	765	R. helvetica	[40]
Babesia/Theileria	PCR	18S rRNA	BJ1: GTCTTGTAATTGGAATGATGG	411–452	Babesia spp.	[41]
			BN2: TAGTTTATGGTTAGGACTACG	411–452	Babesia spp.	[41]
			BabsppF1: GTTTCTGMCCCATCAGCTTGAC	422–440		[42]
			BabsppR: CAAGACAAAAGTCTGCTTGAAAC	422–440
Anaplasma marginale	qPCR	msp1ß	AM-forward: TTGGCAAGGCAGCAGCTT	95	Anaplasma marginale	[31]
			AM-reverse: TTCCGCGAGCATGTGCAT
			AM-probe: FAM TCGGTCTAACATCTCCAGGCTTTCAT BHQ1
Anaplasma/Ehrlichia	PCR	16S rRNA	EHR16SD: GGTACCYACAGAAGAAGTCC	345	A. marginale	[43]
Anaplasma/Ehrlichia	PCR	16S rRNA	EHR16SR: TAGCACTCATCGTTTACAGC	345	A. marginale	[43]
Anaplasma spp.	Semi-nested PCR	16S rRNA	fD1: AGAGTTTGATCCTGGCTCAG	760	A. marginale	[44]
			EHR16SR: TAGCACTCATCGTTTACAGC	760	A. marginale	[44]
			fD1: AGAGTTTGATCCTGGCTCAG	426		[45]
			GA1UR: GAGTTTGCCGGGACTTCTTCT	426		[45]
Coxiella-like organisms	Semi-nested PCR	16S rDNA	Cox16SF1: CGTAGGAATCTACCTTRTAGWGG	1321–1416	Coxiella burnetii	[46]
			Cox16SR2: GCCTACCCGCTTCTGGTACAATT	1321–1416	Coxiella burnetii	[46]
			Cox16SF2: TGAGAACTAGCTGTTGGRRAGT	624–625
			Cox16SR2: GCCTACCCGCTTCTGGTACAATT	624–625